{"id":608,"date":"2025-12-31T12:04:37","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T03:04:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=608"},"modified":"2025-12-31T12:04:38","modified_gmt":"2025-12-31T03:04:38","slug":"chap-21-%ed%8f%89%ea%b7%a0-%eb%b6%84%ec%84%9d%ec%9d%84-%ec%9c%84%ed%95%9c-%ec%9c%a0%ec%97%b0%ed%95%9c-%ea%b5%ac%ec%a1%b0%eb%b0%a9%ec%a0%95%ec%8b%9d-%eb%aa%a8%eb%8d%b8%eb%a7%81structural-equation-mod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=608","title":{"rendered":"Chap 21. \ud3c9\uade0 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc720\uc5f0\ud55c \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(Structural Equation Modeling, SEM) \uc811\uadfc\ubc95"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc624\ub298 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ud568\uaed8 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcfc \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 <strong>\ud3c9\uade0 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc720\uc5f0\ud55c \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(Structural Equation Modeling, SEM) \uc811\uadfc\ubc95<\/strong>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud754\ud788\ub4e4 \ud3c9\uade0 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uba74 ANOVA(\ubd84\uc0b0\ubd84\uc11d)\ub098 t-\uac80\uc815\ub9cc\uc744 \ub5a0\uc62c\ub9ac\uace4 \ud558\uc8e0. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc SEM\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \uae30\uc874\uc758 OLS(\ucd5c\uc18c\uc790\uc2b9\ubc95) \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \uac00\uc9c4 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub118\uc5b4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \uc815\uad50\ud558\uace0 \uc720\uc5f0\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud574\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc14\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d, <strong>&#8216;\uad50\uc218\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc218\ud559 \ud559\uc2b5 \ub9cc\uc871\ub3c4 \ucc28\uc774&#8217;<\/strong>\ub77c\ub294 \uac00\uc0c1 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub294 <strong>jamovi<\/strong>\ub97c \uae30\ubcf8\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub418, \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc81c\uc57d \uc870\uac74\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 <strong>R(lavaan \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0)<\/strong> \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ubcd1\ud589\ud558\uc5ec \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \uc65c ANOVA \ub300\uc2e0 \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd(SEM)\uc778\uac00?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc9d1\ub2e8 \uac04 \ud3c9\uade0 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uac80\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 ANOVA\ub098 MANOVA\ub97c \uc790\uc8fc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 &#8216;\uad50\uacfc\uc11c\uc801\uc778(cookbook)&#8217; \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0 \uce58\uc6b0\uccd0 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801 \uac00\uc815\uc774 \ucda9\uc871\ub418\ub294\uc9c0, \ud639\uc740 \uc5f0\uad6c \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc798 \ubc18\uc601\ud558\ub294 \ubaa8\ub378\uc778\uc9c0 \ube44\ud310\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud560 \ub54c\uac00 \ub9ce\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SEM\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ud3c9\uade0 \ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc7a5\uc810\uc744 \uac00\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc720\uc5f0\uc131<\/strong>: \uad00\ucc30\ubcc0\uc218\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218(Latent Variable)<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3c9\uade0 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uac80\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uac00\uc815\uc758 \uc644\ud654<\/strong>: \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 ANOVA\uac00 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uac00\uc815(\uc624\ucc28\uc758 \ub4f1\ubd84\uc0b0\uc131 \ub4f1)\uc744 \uc6b0\ud68c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubaa8\ub378 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc218\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubaa8\ub378 \ube44\uad50<\/strong>: \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 &#8216;\ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\/\uc5c6\ub2e4&#8217;\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4, \uc774\ub860\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud55c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub300\uc548 \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc640 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc798 \ub9de\ub294\uc9c0(Model Fit) \ube44\uad50 \ud3c9\uac00\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624 \ubc0f \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfeb \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624: &#8220;AI \ubcf4\uc870 \uad50\uc0ac \ub3c4\uc785\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc218\ud559 \ub9cc\uc871\ub3c4 \ubd84\uc11d&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud55c \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud559 \uc218\uc5c5\uc758 \uc9c8\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0 \uad50\uc218\ubc95\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc9d1\ub2e8 1 (\ud1b5\uc81c\uc9d1\ub2e8)<\/strong>: \uae30\uc874 \uac15\uc758\uc2dd \uc218\uc5c5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc9d1\ub2e8 2 (\ud1a0\ub860\uc9d1\ub2e8)<\/strong>: \uc18c\uc9d1\ub2e8 \ud611\ub825 \ud559\uc2b5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc9d1\ub2e8 3 (AI\uc9d1\ub2e8)<\/strong>: AI \ud29c\ud130\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uac1c\ubcc4\ud654 \ud559\uc2b5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\ub294 <strong>&#8216;\uc0ac\ud6c4 \uc218\ud559 \ub9cc\uc871\ub3c4&#8217;<\/strong>\uac00 \uc9d1\ub2e8\ubcc4\ub85c \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c, \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 <strong>&#8216;\uc0ac\uc804 \uc218\ud559 \ub9cc\uc871\ub3c4&#8217;<\/strong>\ub97c \uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9(Covariate)\uc73c\ub85c \ud1b5\uc81c\ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcca \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (R \ucf54\ub4dc)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud574 <math data-latex=\"N=150\"><semantics><mrow><mi>N<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>150<\/mn><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">N=150<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (\uc9d1\ub2e8\ub2f9 50\uba85)\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc871\ub3c4\ub294 4\uac1c\uc758 \ubb38\ud56d(<code>y1<\/code>~<code>y4<\/code>)\uc73c\ub85c \uce21\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218\ub77c\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># R\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\nset.seed(2025)\nn &lt;- 50\n# \uc0ac\uc804 \uc810\uc218 (Covariate)\npre_score &lt;- rnorm(150, mean=50, sd=10)\n\n# \uc9d1\ub2e8\ubcc4 \uc0ac\ud6c4 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ud3c9\uade0 \uc124\uc815 (AI\uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub192\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815)\ngroup &lt;- c(rep(\"Control\", n), rep(\"Discussion\", n), rep(\"AI\", n))\nlatent_mean &lt;- c(0, 0.3, 0.7) # \ud45c\uc900\ud654\ub41c \ucc28\uc774\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ny_latent &lt;- c(rnorm(n, 0), rnorm(n, 0.3), rnorm(n, 0.7)) + 0.5 * (pre_score - 50)\/10\ny1 &lt;- 0.8 * y_latent + rnorm(150, 0, 0.6)\ny2 &lt;- 0.7 * y_latent + rnorm(150, 0, 0.7)\ny3 &lt;- 0.9 * y_latent + rnorm(150, 0, 0.5)\ny4 &lt;- 1.0 * y_latent + rnorm(150, 0, 0.4)\n\ndf &lt;- data.frame(group = as.factor(group), pre_score, y1, y2, y3, y4)\n# \uc0ac\ud6c4 \uc810\uc218 \ud3c9\uade0(\uad00\ucc30\uce58) \uc0dd\uc131\ndf$post_sat &lt;- (y1 + y2 + y3 + y4) \/ 4\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-caf15d07-48c7-4b25-9e3b-2c539cad99b7\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/chap21.csv\">chap21<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/chap21.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-caf15d07-48c7-4b25-9e3b-2c539cad99b7\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. SEM\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc77c\uc6d0\ubd84\uc0b0\ubd84\uc11d(One-Way ANOVA)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 ANOVA\ub294 \uc9d1\ub2e8\ubcc4\ub85c \uac00\ubcc0\uc218(Dummy variable)\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ud68c\uadc0\ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. SEM\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ub97c <strong>&#8216;Cell Means Model&#8217;<\/strong>\ub85c \uc811\uadfc\ud558\uba74 \ud6e8\uc52c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc27d\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1. Cell Means Model\uc758 \uc6d0\ub9ac<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc808\ud3b8(Intercept)\uc744 \uc81c\uac70\ud558\ub294 \ub300\uc2e0, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc778\ub514\ucf00\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ube44\uc81c\uc57d \ubaa8\ub378(Less Constrained, LC)<\/strong>: \uac01 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0\uc744 \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \ucd94\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc81c\uc57d \ubaa8\ub378(More Constrained, MC)<\/strong>: \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0\uc774 \uac19\ub2e4\uace0 \uc81c\uc57d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ub450 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc801\ud569\ub3c4(Chi-square) \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud558\uc5ec \ud3c9\uade0 \ucc28\uc774\uc758 \uc720\uc758\uc131\uc744 \uac80\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2. jamovi \ubc0f R \uad6c\ud604<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <code>SEMLj<\/code> \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uac70\ub098, <code>Rj<\/code> \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc5d0\uc11c <code>lavaan<\/code> \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc785\ub825\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># lavaan\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc77c\uc6d0\ubd84\uc0b0\ubd84\uc11d SEM\nlibrary(lavaan)\n\n# 1. \ube44\uc81c\uc57d \ubaa8\ub378 (\uc9d1\ub2e8\ubcc4 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc790\uc720 \ucd94\uc815)\nmodel_lc &lt;- '\n  post_sat ~ c(m1, m2, m3)*1 \n'\nfit_lc &lt;- sem(model_lc, data=df, group=\"group\")\n\n# 2. \uc81c\uc57d \ubaa8\ub378 (\ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud3c9\uade0\uc744 m\uc73c\ub85c \ud1b5\uc77c)\nmodel_mc &lt;- '\n  post_sat ~ c(m, m, m)*1\n'\nfit_mc &lt;- sem(model_mc, data=df, group=\"group\")\n\n# \ubaa8\ub378 \ube44\uad50 (ANOVA\uc640 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc)\nlavTestLRT(fit_lc, fit_mc)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. SEM\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0\ubd84\uc11d(ANCOVA)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc0ac\uc804 \uc810\uc218(<code>pre_score<\/code>)\uac00 \uc0ac\ud6c4 \uc810\uc218\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60 \ub54c, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\uc81c\ud558\uace0 \uc21c\uc218\ud55c \uad50\uc218\ubc95\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ubcf4\ub824\uba74 ANCOVA\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1. \ubd84\uc11d \ud2b9\uc9d5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9\uc744 \uc911\uc2ec\ud654(Grand-mean centering)\ud558\uc5ec \ud22c\uc785\ud558\uba74 SEM\uc758 \uc808\ud3b8\uc774 &#8216;\uc870\uc815\ub41c \ud3c9\uade0(Adjusted Means)&#8217;\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SEM\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc9d1\ub2e8 \uac04 \ud68c\uadc0 \uacc4\uc218(Slope)\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uac00\uc815\uc744 \uac80\uc815\ud558\uac70\ub098, \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uc774 \uac00\uc815\uc744 \ud480\uc5b4 &#8216;\uc774\uc9c8\uc801 \ud68c\uadc0\uc120&#8217; \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc5f0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \uc7a0\uc7ac\ud3c9\uade0\ubd84\uc11d(Latent Mean Analysis): SEM\uc758 \uc9c4\uc218<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uce21\uc815\ud55c \ub9cc\uc871\ub3c4 \ubb38\ud56d(<code>y1<\/code>~<code>y4<\/code>)\uc5d0\ub294 \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. ANOVA\ub294 \uc774 \uc624\ucc28\ub97c \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, SEM\uc740 <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218<\/strong>\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc624\ucc28\ub97c \uc81c\uac70\ud55c \uc21c\uc218\ud55c \ud2b9\uc131\uce58 \uac04\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1. \uce21\uc815 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131(Measurement Invariance) \uac80\uc815<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a0\uc7ac\ud3c9\uade0\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ud558\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc <strong>&#8220;\uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \uc774 \ubb38\ud56d\ub4e4\uc744 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub85c \uc751\ub2f5\ud588\ub294\uac00?&#8221;<\/strong>\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ud615\ud0dc \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131<\/strong>: \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uac00 \uac19\uc740\uac00?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uce21\uc815\uce58 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131(Metric)<\/strong>: \uc694\uc778 \uc801\uc7ac\ub7c9(Loadings)\uc774 \uac19\uc740\uac00?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc808\ud3b8 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131(Scalar)<\/strong>: \uad00\ucc30\ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uc808\ud3b8\uc774 \uac19\uc740\uac00?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ucd5c\uc18c\ud55c \uc808\ud3b8 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub9cc\uc871\ud574\uc57c \uc7a0\uc7ac\ud3c9\uade0\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ud560 \uc790\uaca9\uc774 \uc0dd\uae41\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2. \ubd84\uc11d \uacb0\uacfc \ud574\uc11d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a0\uc7ac\ud3c9\uade0\ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud55c \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0\uc744 0\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uc815\ud558\uace0, \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0\uc774 \uadf8\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0(\uc0c1\ub300\uc801 \ucc28\uc774)\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\uc9d1\ub2e8<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac\ud3c9\uade0 (Estimate)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>p-value<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\ud574\uc11d<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\uae30\uc874 \uac15\uc758<\/td><td>0 (\uace0\uc815)<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>\uae30\uc900 \uc9d1\ub2e8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\ud1a0\ub860 \ud559\uc2b5<\/td><td>0.32<\/td><td>.042<\/td><td>\uae30\uc874\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc720\uc758\ud558\uac8c \ub192\uc74c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AI \ud559\uc2b5<\/td><td>0.75<\/td><td>&lt;.001<\/td><td>\uae30\uc874\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc758\ud558\uac8c \ub192\uc74c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \uacb0\ub860 \ubc0f \uc81c\uc5b8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>SEM\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ud3c9\uade0 \ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \uae30\uc874 OLS \uae30\ubc18\uc758 ANOVA\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ud48d\ubd80\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28 \ud1b5\uc81c<\/strong>: \ub354 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \ud6a8\uacfc \ud06c\uae30\ub97c \uc0b0\ucd9c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uac00\uc815 \uac80\uc815<\/strong>: \ub4f1\ubd84\uc0b0\uc131 \uc704\ubc30 \uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uac15\uac74\ud55c(Robust) \ucd94\uc815\uce58\ub97c \uc5bb\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud1b5\ud569\uc801 \uacb0\ub860<\/strong>: \uc5ec\ub7ec \uce21\uc815 \ubb38\ud56d\uc744 \uac1c\ubcc4 ANOVA\ub85c \ub3cc\ub9ac\ub294 &#8216;\ub2e8\ud3b8\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d&#8217;\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098, \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc758 &#8216;\ud1b5\ud569\uc801 \uacb0\ub860&#8217;\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ud3c9\uade0 \ube44\uad50\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4, \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uad50\uc721 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ub354\uc6b1 \uc815\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \uac80\uc99d\ud574 \ubcf4\uc2dc\uae38 \uad8c\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcda \ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aiken, L. S., West, S. G., &amp; Millsap, R. E. (2008). Doctoral training in statistics, measurement, and methodology in psychology: Replication and extension of the Aiken, West, Sechrest, and Reno (1990) survey of PhD programs in North America. <em>American Psychologist<\/em>, <em>63<\/em>(1), 32\u201350.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bollen, K. A. (1989). <em>Structural equations with latent variables<\/em>. Wiley.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fan, W., &amp; Hancock, G. R. (2012). Robust means modeling: An alternative to hypothesis testing of independent means under variance heterogeneity and nonnormality. <em>Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics<\/em>, <em>37<\/em>(1), 137\u2013156.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hancock, G. R. (2010). <em>Life after ANOVA: Reframing and extending analysis of variance using a likelihood\/information paradigm<\/em>. Presented at the meeting of the Structural Equation Modeling Special Interest Group of the American Educational Research Association, Denver, CO.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thompson, M. S., &amp; Green, S. B. (2013). Evaluating between-group differences in latent variable means. In G. R. Hancock &amp; R. O. Mueller (Eds.), <em>A second course in structural equation modeling<\/em> (2nd ed., pp. 163\u2013218). Information Age.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc624\ub298 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ud568\uaed8 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcfc \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \ud3c9\uade0 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc720\uc5f0\ud55c \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(Structural Equation Modeling, SEM) \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud754\ud788\ub4e4 \ud3c9\uade0 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uba74 ANOVA(\ubd84\uc0b0\ubd84\uc11d)\ub098 t-\uac80\uc815\ub9cc\uc744 \ub5a0\uc62c\ub9ac\uace4 \ud558\uc8e0. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc SEM\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \uae30\uc874\uc758 OLS(\ucd5c\uc18c\uc790\uc2b9\ubc95) \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \uac00\uc9c4 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub118\uc5b4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \uc815\uad50\ud558\uace0 \uc720\uc5f0\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud574\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc14\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d, &#8216;\uad50\uc218\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc218\ud559 \ud559\uc2b5 \ub9cc\uc871\ub3c4 \ucc28\uc774&#8217;\ub77c\ub294 <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=608\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[300],"tags":[145,166,301,342],"class_list":["post-608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sem","tag-jamovi","tag-sem","tag-301","tag-342"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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