{"id":611,"date":"2025-12-31T13:45:56","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T04:45:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=611"},"modified":"2025-12-31T13:45:57","modified_gmt":"2025-12-31T04:45:57","slug":"chap-22-%ea%b5%ac%ec%a1%b0%eb%b0%a9%ec%a0%95%ec%8b%9d-%eb%aa%a8%eb%8d%b8%eb%a7%81%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%a4%ea%b0%9c-%eb%b0%8f-%ea%b0%84%ec%a0%91%ed%9a%a8%ea%b3%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=611","title":{"rendered":"Chap 22. \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub9e4\uac1c \ubc0f \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubcf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 <strong>\ub9e4\uac1c\ud6a8\uacfc(Mediation)\uc640 \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc(Indirect Effects)<\/strong>\ub97c \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc2e4\uc81c\uc801\uc778 \uc608\uc2dc\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 <strong>jamovi<\/strong> \ubc0f <strong>R<\/strong>\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \uac1c\uc694 \ubc0f \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub9e4\uac1c\ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \ub3c5\ub9bd\ubcc0\uc218(<math data-latex=\"X\"><semantics><mi>X<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uac00 \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218(<math data-latex=\"Y\"><semantics><mi>Y<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c3\uc758 \ubcc0\uc218\uc778 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218(<math data-latex=\"M\"><semantics><mi>M<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">M<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac1c\ub150\uc758 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub294 1920\ub144\ub300 <strong>Sewall Wright<\/strong>\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d(Path Analysis)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Wright\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c \ub3c4\ud45c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubcc0\uc218 \uac04\uc758 \uc778\uacfc \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uc5f0\uc1c4\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\ub85c \uacc4\uc218\ub4e4\uc758 \uacf1\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\ub825\uc744 \uc218\uce58\ud654\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1970~80\ub144\ub300\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c\uba74\uc11c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uacbd\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d \uc804\ud1b5\uc740 \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\ub294 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uce21\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uc804\ud1b5\uacfc \uacb0\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud604\ub300\uc758 <strong>\uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(SEM)<\/strong>\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\uc804\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uad00\ucc30 \ubcc0\uc218\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc9c1\uc811 \uce21\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218(Latent Variables)\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec \ub354\uc6b1 \uc815\uad50\ud55c \ub9e4\uac1c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uac80\uc99d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uc815\uc758\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac \uac1c\ub150 \uad6c\ubd84<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\ub294 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uc124\uc815\ud560 \ub54c, \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubcc0\uc218\ub4e4\uacfc \ud63c\ub3d9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\uac1c\ub150<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\uc815\uc758<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\uc778\uacfc \uad6c\uc870<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218 (Mediator)<\/strong><\/td><td>\ub3c5\ub9bd\ubcc0\uc218\uc640 \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \ubcc0\uc218<\/td><td><math data-latex=\"X \\rightarrow M \\rightarrow Y\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2192<\/mo><mi>M<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2192<\/mo><mi>Y<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X \\rightarrow M \\rightarrow Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\uad50\ub780\ubcc0\uc218 (Confounder)<\/strong><\/td><td><math data-latex=\"X\"><semantics><mi>X<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc640 <math data-latex=\"Y\"><semantics><mi>Y<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \ubaa8\ub450\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc8fc\uc5b4 \ub458 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc65c\uace1\ud558\ub294 \ubcc0\uc218<\/td><td><math data-latex=\"X \\leftarrow C \\rightarrow Y\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2190<\/mo><mi>C<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2192<\/mo><mi>Y<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X \\leftarrow C \\rightarrow Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\ud1b5\uc81c\ubcc0\uc218 (Collider)<\/strong><\/td><td><math data-latex=\"X\"><semantics><mi>X<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc640 <math data-latex=\"Y\"><semantics><mi>Y<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \ubaa8\ub450\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \ubcc0\uc218 (\ubd84\uc11d \uc2dc \ud1b5\uc81c\ud558\uba74 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc65c\uace1\ub428)<\/td><td><math data-latex=\"X \\rightarrow C \\leftarrow Y\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2192<\/mo><mi>C<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2190<\/mo><mi>Y<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X \\rightarrow C \\leftarrow Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>[WaurimaL Note]<\/strong> \uad50\uc721 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;\ud559\uc2b5 \ub3d9\uae30&#8217;\uac00 &#8216;\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04&#8217;\uc744 \uac70\uccd0 &#8216;\uc131\uc801&#8217;\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4\uba74 \uc774\ub294 <strong>\ub9e4\uac1c \ud6a8\uacfc<\/strong>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc &#8216;\uc9c0\ub2a5&#8217;\uc774 &#8216;\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04&#8217;\uacfc &#8216;\uc131\uc801&#8217; \ubaa8\ub450\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4\uba74 \uc774\ub294 <strong>\uad50\ub780 \ud6a8\uacfc<\/strong>\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uc9c0\ub2a5\uc744 \ud1b5\uc81c\ud574\uc57c \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc778\uacfc \ud30c\uc545\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \ub9e4\uac1c \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\ud574<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1. \uae30\ubcf8 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SEM\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9e4\uac1c \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud589\ub82c\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"\\eta = B\\eta + \\Gamma\\xi + \\zeta\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03b7<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mi>B<\/mi><mi>\u03b7<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0393<\/mi><\/mrow><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>\u03b6<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\eta = B\\eta + \\Gamma\\xi + \\zeta<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\eta\"><semantics><mi>\u03b7<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\eta<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (Eta): \ub0b4\uc0dd\ubcc0\uc218(\ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\uc640 \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218) \ubca1\ud130<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\xi\"><semantics><mi>\u03be<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\xi<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (Xi): \uc678\uc0dd\ubcc0\uc218(\ub3c5\ub9bd\ubcc0\uc218) \ubca1\ud130<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\Gamma\"><semantics><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0393<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\Gamma<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (Gamma): \uc678\uc0dd\ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \ub0b4\uc0dd\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc \ud589\ub82c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"B\"><semantics><mi>B<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">B<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (Beta): \ub0b4\uc0dd\ubcc0\uc218 \uac04\uc758 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc \ud589\ub82c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\zeta\"><semantics><mi>\u03b6<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\zeta<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (Zeta): \uc794\ucc28(Residuals) \ubca1\ud130<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2. \ud6a8\uacfc\uc758 \ubd84\ud574 (Decomposition)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc804\uccb4 \ud6a8\uacfc(Total Effect)\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ubd84\ud574\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc9c1\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc (Direct Effect):<\/strong> \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uac70\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc804\ub2ec\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c (<math data-latex=\"X \\rightarrow Y\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2192<\/mo><mi>Y<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X \\rightarrow Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uac04\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc (Indirect Effect):<\/strong> \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\ub2ec\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c (<math data-latex=\"X \\rightarrow M \\rightarrow Y\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2192<\/mo><mi>M<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">\u2192<\/mo><mi>Y<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X \\rightarrow M \\rightarrow Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>). \uacbd\ub85c \uacc4\uc218\ub4e4\uc758 \uacf1\uc73c\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ucd1d \ud6a8\uacfc (Total Effect):<\/strong> \uc9c1\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc + \uac04\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. [\uc2e4\uc2b5] \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5 \ubaa8\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840 \ubd84\uc11d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1. \uc5f0\uad6c \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624: &#8220;\uad50\uc0ac \uc5f4\uc815\uc774 \ud559\uc0dd \uc131\uc801\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub3c5\ub9bd\ubcc0\uc218(X):<\/strong> \uad50\uc0ac\uc758 \uad50\uc218 \uc5f4\uc815 (Teaching Passion, 3\uac1c \ubb38\ud56d)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218(M):<\/strong> \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \ud559\uc2b5 \ubab0\uc785 (Student Engagement, 3\uac1c \ubb38\ud56d)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218(Y):<\/strong> \ud559\uc5c5 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 (Academic Achievement, 3\uac1c \ubb38\ud56d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uad50\uc0ac\uc758 \uc5f4\uc815\uc774 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \ud559\uc2b5 \ubab0\uc785\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uace0, \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ucd5c\uc885\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uc801 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2. \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (R \ucf54\ub4dc)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc2e4\uc81c \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc0c1\uad00\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac \ub85c\ub4dc\nlibrary(lavaan)\nlibrary(psych)\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \uc124\uc815\nset.seed(2025)\nn &lt;- 500\n\n# \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218 \uc0dd\uc131\nTeacher_Passion &lt;- rnorm(n)\nStudent_Engagement &lt;- 0.5 * Teacher_Passion + rnorm(n, sd = 0.8)\nAchievement &lt;- 0.2 * Teacher_Passion + 0.4 * Student_Engagement + rnorm(n, sd = 0.7)\n\n# \uad00\ucc30\ubcc0\uc218(\ubb38\ud56d) \uc0dd\uc131 (\uce21\uc815\ubaa8\ub378)\ndf &lt;- data.frame(\n  x1 = Teacher_Passion + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5), x2 = Teacher_Passion + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5), x3 = Teacher_Passion + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5),\n  m1 = Student_Engagement + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5), m2 = Student_Engagement + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5), m3 = Student_Engagement + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5),\n  y1 = Achievement + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5), y2 = Achievement + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5), y3 = Achievement + rnorm(n, sd = 0.5)\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-63c79c9d-3bf9-45de-9cdc-69fd318a98e5\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/chap22.csv\">chap22<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/chap22.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-63c79c9d-3bf9-45de-9cdc-69fd318a98e5\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3. jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SEMLj \ubaa8\ub4c8<\/strong> \uc124\uce58: jamovi\uc758 <code>Modules<\/code> -> <code>jamovi library<\/code>\uc5d0\uc11c <code>SEMLj<\/code>\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubaa8\ub378 \uc124\uc815<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uce21\uc815 \ubaa8\ub378(Measurement Model)<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>Passion =~ x1 + x2 + x3<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Engagement =~ m1 + m2 + m3<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Achievement =~ y1 + y2 + y3<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uad6c\uc870 \ubaa8\ub378(Structural Model)<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>Engagement ~ a*Passion<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Achievement ~ b*Engagement + c*Passion<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub9e4\uac1c\ud6a8\uacfc \uc815\uc758<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>Indirect := a * b<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Total := c + (a * b)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bootstrapping \uc124\uc815<\/strong>: <code>Options<\/code>\uc5d0\uc11c <code>Standard Errors<\/code>\ub97c <code>Bootstrap<\/code>\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 (\uad8c\uc7a5 \ud69f\uc218 5,000\ud68c \uc774\uc0c1).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801 \uc720\uc758\uc131 \uac80\uc99d: Sobel vs. Bootstrapping<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc(<math data-latex=\"a \\times b\"><semantics><mrow><mi>a<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>b<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">a \\times b<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc758 \uc720\uc758\uc131\uc744 \uac80\uc99d\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0\ub294 \ud06c\uac8c \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sobel Test (Delta Method):<\/strong> \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc\uac12\uc774 \uc815\uaddc\ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \ub530\ub978\ub2e4\ub294 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc5d0 \ud45c\uc900\uc624\ucc28\ub97c \uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc(<math data-latex=\"a \\times b\"><semantics><mrow><mi>a<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>b<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">a \\times b<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\ub294 \ub300\uac1c \ube44\ub300\uce6d\uc801\uc778 \ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \ubcf4\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud45c\ubcf8\uc774 \uc544\uc8fc \ud06c\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc81c1\uc885 \uc624\ub958\ub098 \ub0ae\uc740 \uac80\uc815\ub825\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bootstrapping (\uad8c\uc7a5):<\/strong> \ud45c\ubcf8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ucc9c \ubc88 \uc7ac\ud45c\uc9d1\ud558\uc5ec \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc\uc758 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc801 \ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc815\uaddc\uc131 \uac00\uc815\uc774 \ud544\uc694 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \ud604\uc7ac SEM \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4(Mplus, lavaan, AMOS \ub4f1)\uc5d0\uc11c \ud45c\uc900\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \ud604\ub300\uc801 \uc811\uadfc: \uc778\uacfc\uc801 \ub9e4\uac1c \ubd84\uc11d (Causal Mediation)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucd5c\uadfc\uc5d0\ub294 <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801 \uacb0\uacfc(Potential Outcomes)<\/strong> \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc778\uacfc\uc801 \ub9e4\uac1c \ubd84\uc11d\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc138\ubd80 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>TNDE\/PNDE (\uc790\uc5f0\uc801 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc):<\/strong> \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \ud1b5\uc81c\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \ub3c5\ub9bd\ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc21c\uc218\ud55c \ud6a8\uacfc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>TNIE\/PNIE (\uc790\uc5f0\uc801 \uac04\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc):<\/strong> \ub3c5\ub9bd\ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \ud6a8\uacfc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc740 \ubcc0\uc218 \uac04 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9(<math data-latex=\"X \\times M\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mi>M<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X \\times M<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \uc774\ubd84\ud615\uc778 \ube44\uc120\ud615 \ubaa8\ub378\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \ud6a8\uacfc \ubd84\ud574\ub97c \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \uce21\uc815\uc0c1\uc758 \uac00\uc815 \ubc0f \uc8fc\uc758\uc810<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub9e4\uac1c\ubd84\uc11d\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub294 \uce21\uc815\uc758 \uc9c8\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc2e0\ub8b0\ub3c4(Reliability):<\/strong> \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\ub294 \ub9e4\uac1c\ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uacfc\uc18c\ucd94\uc815(attenuation)\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4. SEM\uc740 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ubcf4\uc644\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud0c0\ub2f9\ub3c4(Validity):<\/strong> \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \ub2e4\ucc28\uc6d0\uc801 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uac00\uc9c8 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc774\ub97c \ub2e8\uc77c \ucc28\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ubb36\uc5b4 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uba74 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \uc65c\uace1\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 <strong>Bifactor \ubaa8\ub378<\/strong> \ub4f1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc694\uc778\uacfc \ud2b9\uc218 \uc694\uc778\uc758 \ub9e4\uac1c \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uac01\uac01 \uac80\uc99d\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uce21\uc815 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131(Measurement Invariance):<\/strong> \uc9d1\ub2e8 \ube44\uad50 \uc2dc(\uc608: \ub0a8\ud559\uc0dd vs \uc5ec\ud559\uc0dd), \ubb38\ud56d\ub4e4\uc774 \uac01 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \uae30\ub2a5\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uba3c\uc800 \ud655\uc778\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uac00\uc9dc \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub9e4\uac1c\ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 &#8220;\uc601\ud5a5\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4&#8221;\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4 &#8220;\uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c(How)&#8221; \uc601\ud5a5\uc774 \uc804\ub2ec\ub418\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud574 \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc774 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \uae30\uc81c\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ucf1c \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4\ub97c \ub192\uc774\ub294\uc9c0 \ud30c\uc545\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uad50\uc721 \uac1c\uc785 \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \uc218\ub9bd\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc (APA Style)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Alwin, D. F., &amp; Hauser, R. M. (1975). The decomposition of effects in path analysis. <em>American Sociological Review, 40<\/em>(1), 37\u201347.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Baron, R. M., &amp; Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. <em>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51<\/em>(6), 1173\u20131182.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gonzalez, O., Valente, M. J., Cheong, J., &amp; MacKinnon, D. P. (2025). Mediation\/indirect effects in structural equation modeling. In <em>Handbook of Structural Equation Modeling<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., &amp; Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. <em>Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39<\/em>(1), 99\u2013128.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Muthen, L. K., &amp; Muthen, B. O. (1998\/2014). <em>Mplus user&#8217;s guide<\/em>. Muthen &amp; Muthen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pearl, J. (2012). The causal mediation formula\u2014A guide to the assessment of pathways and mechanisms. <em>Prevention Science, 13<\/em>(4), 426\u2013436.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. <em>Sociological Methodology, 13<\/em>, 290\u2013312.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694? \ubcf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \ub9e4\uac1c\ud6a8\uacfc(Mediation)\uc640 \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc(Indirect Effects)\ub97c \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc2e4\uc81c\uc801\uc778 \uc608\uc2dc\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 jamovi \ubc0f R\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \uac1c\uc694 \ubc0f \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd \ub9e4\uac1c\ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \ub3c5\ub9bd\ubcc0\uc218(XX)\uac00 \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218(YY)\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c3\uc758 \ubcc0\uc218\uc778 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218(MM)\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac1c\ub150\uc758 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub294 1920\ub144\ub300 Sewall Wright\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d(Path Analysis)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Wright\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c \ub3c4\ud45c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubcc0\uc218 \uac04\uc758 \uc778\uacfc <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=611\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[300],"tags":[145,166,343,301,344],"class_list":["post-611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sem","tag-jamovi","tag-sem","tag-343","tag-301","tag-344"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chap 22. \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub9e4\uac1c \ubc0f \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc - WaurimaL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=611\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chap 22. \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub9e4\uac1c \ubc0f \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc - WaurimaL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694? \ubcf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \ub9e4\uac1c\ud6a8\uacfc(Mediation)\uc640 \uac04\uc811\ud6a8\uacfc(Indirect Effects)\ub97c \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc2e4\uc81c\uc801\uc778 \uc608\uc2dc\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 jamovi \ubc0f R\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \uac1c\uc694 \ubc0f \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd \ub9e4\uac1c\ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \ub3c5\ub9bd\ubcc0\uc218(XX)\uac00 \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218(YY)\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c3\uc758 \ubcc0\uc218\uc778 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218(MM)\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac1c\ub150\uc758 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub294 1920\ub144\ub300 Sewall Wright\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d(Path Analysis)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 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