{"id":614,"date":"2025-12-31T14:04:58","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T05:04:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=614"},"modified":"2025-12-31T14:43:17","modified_gmt":"2025-12-31T05:43:17","slug":"chap-23-%ec%9e%a0%ec%9e%ac-%ec%83%81%ed%98%b8%ec%9e%91%ec%9a%a9-%ed%9a%a8%ea%b3%bclatent-interaction-effects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=614","title":{"rendered":"Chap 23. \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc(Latent Interaction Effects)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc2ed\ub2c8\uae4c?<br>\uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub294 <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc(Latent Interaction Effects)<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\uac8c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ud754\ud788 &#8220;A\uac00 B\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \uc120\ud615\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc775\uc219\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc2e4\uc81c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc740 \ud6e8\uc52c \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc758 &#8216;\ud559\uc2b5 \ub3d9\uae30&#8217;\uac00 &#8216;\ud559\uc5c5 \uc131\ucde8&#8217;\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc740 \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc758 &#8216;\uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10&#8217; \uc218\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788, \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\ub97c \ubc30\uc81c\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub860\uc801 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ub354 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ud30c\uc545\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 <strong>\uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378(SEM)<\/strong> \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uae30\ucd08<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1. \uc65c \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc778\uac00?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub9ce\uc740 \uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559 \ubc0f \uad50\uc721\ud559 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc778\uac04 \ud589\ub3d9\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ubcc0\uc218 \uac04\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc870\uc808\ub418\ub294 <strong>\uc911\uc7ac(moderated) \uad00\uacc4<\/strong>\ub97c \uc0c1\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc608\uac00 <strong>\uae30\ub300-\uac00\uce58 \uc774\ub860(Expectancy-Value Theory)<\/strong>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \ud2b9\uc815 \uacfc\ubaa9(\uc608: \uc218\ud559)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c &#8216;\uc131\uacf5 \uae30\ub300&#8217;\uc640 \uadf8 \uacfc\ubaa9\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 &#8216;\uac00\uce58&#8217;\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud559\uc5c5 \uc131\ucde8\ub098 \uc9c4\ub85c \uc120\ud0dd\uc744 \uc608\uce21\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \ud68c\uadc0\ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uad00\uce21 \ubcc0\uc218\ub4e4\uc744 \uacf1\ud574 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud56d\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c <strong>\uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28(Measurement Error)<\/strong>\ub97c \ubb34\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uce58\uba85\uc801\uc778 \ub2e8\uc810\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc774 \uc624\ucc28\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801 \uac80\uc815\ub825(Power)\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uace0 \uc774\ub860\uc801 \uad6c\uc131\uc744 \ub354 \uc815\uad50\ud558\uac8c \ubc18\uc601\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2. \uc218\uc2dd\uc801 \ud45c\ud604<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uc2dd\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"\\eta = \\alpha + \\gamma_1 \\xi_1 + \\gamma_2 \\xi_2 + \\omega_{12} \\xi_1 \\xi_2 + \\zeta\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03b7<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mi>\u03b1<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><mn>12<\/mn><\/msub><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><mi>\u03b6<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\eta = \\alpha + \\gamma_1 \\xi_1 + \\gamma_2 \\xi_2 + \\omega_{12} \\xi_1 \\xi_2 + \\zeta<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\eta\"><semantics><mi>\u03b7<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\eta<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>: \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc885\uc18d \ubcc0\uc218 (\uc608: \uc218\ud559 \uc2e4\ub825)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\xi_1, \\xi_2\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\xi_1, \\xi_2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>: \uc7a0\uc7ac \ub3c5\ub9bd \ubcc0\uc218 (\uc608: \uc131\uacf5 \uae30\ub300, \ub0b4\uc7ac\uc801 \uac00\uce58)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\omega_{12}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><mn>12<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\omega_{12}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>: <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc<\/strong> (\ub450 \ub3c5\ub9bd \ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uacf1\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud6a8\uacfc)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\zeta\"><semantics><mi>\u03b6<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\zeta<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>: \ud68c\uadc0\uc2dd\uc758 \uc794\ucc28<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ucd94\uc815\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \ucd94\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 SEM\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \uae4c\ub2e4\ub86d\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ube44\uc815\uaddc\uc131(Non-normality):<\/strong> \ub450 \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218(<math data-latex=\"\\xi_1, \\xi_2\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\xi_1, \\xi_2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uac00 \uac01\uac01 \uc815\uaddc\ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \ub530\ub974\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadf8 \uacf1\uc778 <math data-latex=\"\\xi_1\\xi_2\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><msub><mi>\u03be<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\xi_1\\xi_2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \ud544\uc5f0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ube44\uc815\uaddc\ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \ub530\ub974\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ucd94\uc815\uc758 \ud3b8\ud5a5:<\/strong> \ud45c\uc900 \ucd5c\ub300\uc6b0\ub3c4\ubc95(ML)\uc744 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ubaa8\uc218 \ucd94\uc815\uce58\ub294 \uc77c\uce58\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \ud45c\uc900\uc624\ucc28(SE)\uac00 \uacfc\uc18c\ucd94\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 1\uc885 \uc624\ub958(Type I error)\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \ucee4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uacc4\uc0b0 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131:<\/strong> \uad00\uce21 \ubcc0\uc218\ub4e4\uc758 \uacb0\ud569 \uc6b0\ub3c4(Likelihood)\uac00 \ub2eb\ud78c \ud615\ud0dc(closed form)\ub85c \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998(\uc608: EM \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998)\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \uc8fc\uc694 \ucd94\uc815 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc9c0\ub09c 30\ub144\uac04 \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud574 \uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1. \uc801\ub960 \uc9c0\ud45c \uc811\uadfc\ubc95 (Product Indicator, PI)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uac00\uc7a5 \uace0\uc804\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c, \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uc9c0\ud45c(Indicator)\ub4e4\uc744 \uc11c\ub85c \uacf1\ud558\uc5ec \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>UPI (Unconstrained Product Indicator):<\/strong> Marsh \ub4f1(2004)\uc774 \uc81c\uc548\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c, \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ube44\uc120\ud615 \uc81c\uc57d \uc870\uac74\uc744 \uc0dd\ub7b5\ud558\uace0 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub97c \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \ucd94\uc815\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uc5ec \ud3b8\uc758\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2. \ubd84\ud3ec \ubd84\uc11d\uc801 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95 (Distribution Analytic)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc81c\ud488 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ubd84\ud3ec\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>LMS (Latent Moderated Structural Equations):<\/strong> \ube44\uc815\uaddc \ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \uc815\uaddc \ubd84\ud3ec\uc758 \ud63c\ud569\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec \ucd94\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud604\uc874\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95 \uc911 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uac80\uc815\ub825\uc774 \ub192\ub2e4\uace0 \uc54c\ub824\uc838 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>QML (Quasi-Maximum Likelihood):<\/strong> LMS\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uacc4\uc0b0 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \ube60\ub974\uace0 \ub3c5\ub9bd \ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \ube44\uc815\uaddc \ubd84\ud3ec\uc77c \ub54c \uc57d\uac04 \ub354 \uac15\uac74(robust)\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3. \uac15\uac74\ud55c \uc811\uadfc\ubc95 (Robust Approaches)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc815\uaddc\uc131 \uac00\uc815\uc744 \uc2ec\ud558\uac8c \uc704\ubc18\ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MIIV-2SLS:<\/strong> \ub3c4\uad6c \ubcc0\uc218(Instrumental Variables)\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\uc640 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \uc624\ubd84\ub958\uc5d0 \uac15\uac74\ud558\uac8c \ub300\uc751\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2SMM (Two-Stage Method of Moments):<\/strong> \uc694\uc778 \uc810\uc218\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\ub960\uc744 \uc218\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ucd94\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \uc2e4\uc804 \ubd84\uc11d \uc608\uc2dc: \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50 \uc218\ud559 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ud574\ub97c \ub3d5\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5b4\ub290 \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50 1\ud559\ub144 \ud559\uc0dd 400\uba85\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ud559 \ud559\uc2b5 \uc131\ud5a5\uc744 \uc870\uc0ac\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\ub294 <strong>&#8216;\uc218\ud559 \uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10(Expectancy)&#8217;<\/strong>\uacfc <strong>&#8216;\uc218\ud559\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud765\ubbf8(Intrinsic Value)&#8217;<\/strong>\uac00 \uc2e4\uc81c <strong>&#8216;\uc218\ud559 \uc131\uc801(Achievement)&#8217;<\/strong>\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc608\uce21\ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 &#8216;\ud765\ubbf8&#8217;\uac00 \ub192\uc744\uc218\ub85d &#8216;\uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10&#8217;\uc774 \uc131\uc801\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc774 \ub354 \uac15\ud574\uc9c0\ub294\uc9c0(\uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9)\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1. \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (R \ucf54\ub4dc)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c <strong>R<\/strong>\uc758 <code>lavaan<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. (jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <code>GAMLj<\/code> \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc77c\ubd80 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc740 R \ucf54\ub4dc\uac00 \ub354 \uc815\ud655\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ub85c\ub4dc\nif(!require(lavaan)) install.packages(\"lavaan\")\nif(!require(MASS)) install.packages(\"MASS\")\n\nset.seed(123)\nN &lt;- 400\n\n# 1. \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218 \uc0dd\uc131 (\uc131\uacf5 \uae30\ub300 xi1, \ub0b4\uc7ac\uc801 \uac00\uce58 xi2)\nsigma_xi &lt;- matrix(c(1.0, 0.4, 0.4, 1.0), 2, 2)\nxi &lt;- mvrnorm(N, mu = c(0, 0), Sigma = sigma_xi)\nxi1 &lt;- xi&#91;,1]\nxi2 &lt;- xi&#91;,2]\n\n# 2. \uad6c\uc870 \ubaa8\ub378 \uc124\uc815 (\uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc \ud3ec\ud568)\n# Achievement = 0.5*Expectancy - 0.1*Value + 0.2*(Expectancy*Value) + Error\neta &lt;- 0.5 * xi1 - 0.1 * xi2 + 0.15 * (xi1 * xi2) + rnorm(N, sd = 0.5)\n\n# 3. \uce21\uc815 \ubaa8\ub378 \uc0dd\uc131 (\uac01 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218\ub2f9 3\uac1c\uc758 \ubb38\ud56d)\n# Expectancy \uc9c0\ud45c (x1-x3), Value \uc9c0\ud45c (x4-x6), Achievement \uc9c0\ud45c (y1-y3)\nx1 &lt;- 1.0*xi1 + rnorm(N, sd=0.5); x2 &lt;- 0.8*xi1 + rnorm(N, sd=0.5); x3 &lt;- 0.7*xi1 + rnorm(N, sd=0.5)\nx4 &lt;- 1.0*xi2 + rnorm(N, sd=0.5); x5 &lt;- 0.9*xi2 + rnorm(N, sd=0.5); x6 &lt;- 0.8*xi2 + rnorm(N, sd=0.5)\ny1 &lt;- 1.0*eta + rnorm(N, sd=0.5); y2 &lt;- 1.1*eta + rnorm(N, sd=0.5); y3 &lt;- 0.9*eta + rnorm(N, sd=0.5)\n\ndf &lt;- data.frame(x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, y1, y2, y3)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-a95fcade-e238-4f90-a9b3-fb026ff6319b\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/chap23.csv\">chap23<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/chap23.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-a95fcade-e238-4f90-a9b3-fb026ff6319b\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2. UPI \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uac00\uc7a5 \ub110\ub9ac \uc4f0\uc774\ub294 UPI \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 <code>lavaan<\/code>\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \uc81c\ud488 \uc9c0\ud45c \uc0dd\uc131 (x1*x4, x2*x5, x3*x6)\ndf$x1x4 &lt;- df$x1 * df$x4\ndf$x2x5 &lt;- df$x2 * df$x5\ndf$x3x6 &lt;- df$x3 * df$x6\n\nmodel_upi &lt;- '\n  # \uce21\uc815 \ubaa8\ub378\n  Expectancy =~ x1 + x2 + x3\n  Value      =~ x4 + x5 + x6\n  Interact   =~ x1x4 + x2x5 + x3x6\n  Achieve    =~ y1 + y2 + y3\n\n  # \uad6c\uc870 \ubaa8\ub378\n  Achieve ~ g1*Expectancy + g2*Value + w12*Interact\n'\nfit &lt;- sem(model_upi, data = df)\nsummary(fit, standardized = TRUE)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3. \uacb0\uacfc \ud574\uc11d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \uacb0\uacfc, \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc218\uce58\ub4e4\uc774 \ub3c4\ucd9c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud574 \ubd05\uc2dc\ub2e4(\uc2e4\uc81c \uc704 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d \uc2dc \uc720\uc0ac\ud558\uac8c \ub098\uc635\ub2c8\ub2e4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\gamma_1\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\gamma_1<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>):<\/strong> 0.52 (p &lt; .001) \u2192 \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc778 \ud765\ubbf8 \uc218\uc900\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10\uc740 \uc131\uc801\uc5d0 \uac15\ud55c \uc815\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce69\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud765\ubbf8(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\gamma_2\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\gamma_2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>):<\/strong> -0.11 (p = .12) \u2192 \uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10\uc774 \ud3c9\uade0\uc77c \ub54c \ud765\ubbf8 \uc790\uccb4\uc758 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub294 \ubbf8\ubbf8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\omega_{12}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><mn>12<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\omega_{12}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>):<\/strong> 0.18 (p = .03) \u2192 <strong>\uc720\uc758\ubbf8\ud55c \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc \ubc1c\uacac!<\/strong> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc870\uc808 \ud6a8\uacfc \uadf8\ub798\ud504(Simple Slopes):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uadf8\ub798\ud504\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74 \uc218\ud559\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud765\ubbf8\uac00 \ub192\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc77c\uc218\ub85d, \uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10\uc774 \uc131\uc801 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \ud6e8\uc52c \uac00\ud30c\ub978 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc81c\uc5b8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud574\uc57c \ud560\uae4c\uc694?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0c1\ud669<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\ucd94\ucc9c \uc811\uadfc\ubc95<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\uc774\uc720<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \uc815\uaddc\ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \ub530\ub97c \ub54c<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>LMS, QML<\/strong><\/td><td>\uac00\uc7a5 \ub192\uc740 \uac80\uc815\ub825\uacfc \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9d0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \ube44\uc815\uaddc\ubd84\ud3ec\uc77c \ub54c<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>2SMM, NSEMM<\/strong><\/td><td>\uc815\uaddc\uc131 \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \uac15\uac74\ud568<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\ubaa8\ub378 \uc624\ubd84\ub958\uac00 \uc6b0\ub824\ub420 \ub54c<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>MIIV-2SLS<\/strong><\/td><td>\ud2b9\uc815 \ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc624\ub958\uac00 \ubaa8\ub378 \uc804\uccb4\ub85c \ud37c\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc29\uc9c0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc5f0\ud55c \ube44\uc120\ud615 \uad00\uacc4 \ud0d0\uc0c9<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\uc138\ubbf8\/\ube44\ubaa8\uc218 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95<\/strong><\/td><td>\ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uace1\uc120 \uad00\uacc4 \ucd94\uc815 \uac00\ub2a5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>WaurimaL<\/em>\uc758 \ud55c\ub9c8\ub514:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc5b4\ub835\uac8c \ub290\uaef4\uc9c0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc5ed\ub3d9\uc131\uc744 \ud3ec\ucc29\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc774\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\ub294 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ud1b5\uacc4\ub7c9\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uadf8\uce58\uc9c0 \ub9d0\uace0, \uadf8 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc774 \uc6b0\ub9ac \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uad50\uc721\uc801 \ud568\uc758\ub97c \uc8fc\ub294\uc9c0 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uace0\ubbfc\ud574 \ubcf4\uc2dc\uae30 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bauer, D. J. (2005). A semiparametric approach to modeling nonlinear relations among latent variables. <em>Structural Equation Modeling<\/em>, <em>12<\/em>(4), 513\u2013535.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bollen, K. A., &amp; Paxton, P. (1998). Interactions of latent variables in structural equation models. <em>Structural Equation Modeling<\/em>, <em>5<\/em>(3), 267\u2013293.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eccles, J., Adler, T. F., Futterman, R., Goff, S. B., Kaczala, C. M., Meece, J., et al. (1983). Expectancies, values and academic behaviors. In J. T. Spence (Ed.), <em>Achievement and achievement motives<\/em> (pp. 75\u2013146). San Francisco: Freeman.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kelava, A., &amp; Brandt, H. (2014). A general nonlinear multilevel structural equation mixture model. <em>Frontiers in Psychology<\/em>, <em>5<\/em>, Article 748.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kenny, D., &amp; Judd, C. M. (1984). Estimating the nonlinear and interactive effects of latent variables. <em>Psychological Bulletin<\/em>, <em>96<\/em>(1), 201\u2013210.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Klein, A. G., &amp; Moosbrugger, H. (2000). Maximum likelihood estimation of latent interaction effects with the LMS method. <em>Psychometrika<\/em>, <em>65<\/em>(4), 457\u2013474.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marsh, H. W., Wen, Z., &amp; Hau, K.-T. (2004). Structural equation models of latent interactions: Evaluation of alternative estimation strategies and indicator construction. <em>Psychological Methods<\/em>, <em>9<\/em>(3), 275\u2013300.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wall, M. M., &amp; Amemiya, Y. (2003). A method of moments technique for fitting interaction effects in structural equation models. <em>British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology<\/em>, <em>56<\/em>(1), 47-63.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc2ed\ub2c8\uae4c?\uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub294 \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc(Latent Interaction Effects)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\uac8c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ud754\ud788 &#8220;A\uac00 B\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \uc120\ud615\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc775\uc219\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc2e4\uc81c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc740 \ud6e8\uc52c \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc758 &#8216;\ud559\uc2b5 \ub3d9\uae30&#8217;\uac00 &#8216;\ud559\uc5c5 \uc131\ucde8&#8217;\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc740 \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc758 &#8216;\uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10&#8217; \uc218\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788, \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\ub97c \ubc30\uc81c\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub860\uc801 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=614\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[300],"tags":[145,166,301,345,346],"class_list":["post-614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sem","tag-jamovi","tag-sem","tag-301","tag-345","tag-346"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chap 23. \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc(Latent Interaction Effects) - WaurimaL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=614\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chap 23. \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc(Latent Interaction Effects) - WaurimaL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc2ed\ub2c8\uae4c?\uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub294 \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9 \ud6a8\uacfc(Latent Interaction Effects)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\uac8c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ud754\ud788 &#8220;A\uac00 B\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \uc120\ud615\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc775\uc219\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc2e4\uc81c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc740 \ud6e8\uc52c \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc758 &#8216;\ud559\uc2b5 \ub3d9\uae30&#8217;\uac00 &#8216;\ud559\uc5c5 \uc131\ucde8&#8217;\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc740 \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc758 &#8216;\uc790\uae30\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10&#8217; 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