{"id":621,"date":"2025-12-31T15:10:44","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T06:10:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=621"},"modified":"2025-12-31T15:10:44","modified_gmt":"2025-12-31T06:10:44","slug":"chap-25-%ea%b5%ac%ec%a1%b0%eb%b0%a9%ec%a0%95%ec%8b%9dsem%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9e%a0%ec%9e%ac-%eb%b3%80%ec%88%98-%eb%aa%a8%eb%8d%b8%eb%a7%81%ec%9d%84-%ed%99%9c%ec%9a%a9%ed%95%9c-%ec%8b%ac%eb%a6%ac%ec%b8%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=621","title":{"rendered":"Chap 25. \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd(SEM)\uacfc \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uc2ec\ub9ac\uce21\uc815 \ucc99\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! <br>\uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub294 &#8220;\uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd(SEM)\uacfc \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uc2ec\ub9ac\uce21\uc815 \ucc99\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00&#8221;\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc27d\uac8c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \uacc1\ub4e4\uc5ec \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \ucc99\ub3c4\ub97c \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uae30\ucd08\ubd80\ud130 \uace0\uae09 \uae30\ubc95(\uc7a0\uc7ac \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ub378 \ub4f1)\uae4c\uc9c0\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8f9\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \uc65c \ucc99\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud55c\uac00?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uad50\uc721 \ubc0f \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ub300\uc0c1(\uc608: \ud559\uc2b5 \ub3d9\uae30, \uc218\ud559 \ubd88\uc548, \uc9c0\ub2a5)\uc740 \ub208\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218(Latent Variables)<\/strong>\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ub9ce\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218\ub294 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc7b4 \uc218 \uc5c6\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc124\ubb38 \ubb38\ud56d\uc774\ub098 \uacfc\uc81c(\uc9c0\ud45c, Indicators)\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uac04\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8 \uc218\uc900\uc744 \ucd94\ub860\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ub54c \ud575\uc2ec\uc740 <strong>&#8220;\uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \ubb38\ud56d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc815\ub9d0\ub85c \uadf8 \uc7a0\uc7ac \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uc798 \ubc18\uc601\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294\uac00?&#8221;<\/strong>\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(SEM)\uacfc \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(LVM)\uc774 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \uace0\uc804\uac80\uc0ac\uc774\ub860(CTT)\uacfc \uc694\uc778\ubd84\uc11d(FA): \uae30\ucd08 \ub2e4\uc9c0\uae30<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucc99\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5 \uae30\ubcf8\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uc218\uc2dd\uc740 \uace0\uc804\uac80\uc0ac\uc774\ub860\uc758 \uad00\ucc30\uc810\uc218 \ubd84\ud574\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(1) \uae30\ubcf8 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"X = T + E\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mi>T<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>E<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X = T + E<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><math data-latex=\"X\"><semantics><mi>X<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>: \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc124\ubb38\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc810\uc218(\uad00\ucc30\uc810\uc218)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"T\"><semantics><mi>T<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">T<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>: \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \ub2a5\ub825\uc774\ub098 \ud2b9\uc131(\uc9c4\uc810\uc218, \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"E\"><semantics><mi>E<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">E<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>: \uce21\uc815 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc624\ucc28(\uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(2) \ub3d9\uc9c8\uc801 \uac80\uc0ac \ubaa8\ub378 (Congeneric Model)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub2e8\uc77c \uc694\uc778 \ubaa8\ub378\uacfc \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ucde8\uae09\ub418\ub294 \uc774 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uac01 \ubb38\ud56d\uc774 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc694\uc778\uc5d0 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uac00\uc911\uce58(\ubd80\ud558\ub7c9)\ub85c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud55c \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubb38\ud56d\uc774 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc218\ud559\uc801 \uc0ac\uace0\ub825\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \ub54c \uc774 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \ucc99\ub3c4\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac \uad6c\uc870 \ud655\uc778: EFA\uc5d0\uc11c CFA\ub85c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucc99\ub3c4\uac00 \uc758\ub3c4\ud55c \ub300\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub450 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc758 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uac70\uce69\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1\ub2e8\uacc4: \ud0d0\uc0c9\uc801 \uc694\uc778\ubd84\uc11d (EFA)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ubaa9\uc801<\/strong>: \ubb38\ud56d\ub4e4\uc774 \uba87 \uac1c\uc758 \uc694\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \ubb36\uc774\ub294\uc9c0 \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc808\ucc28<\/strong>: \uc804\uccb4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80(\uc608: 1\/2)\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc694\uc778\uc758 \uc218(<math data-latex=\"m\"><semantics><mi>m<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">m<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\ub97c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ucf1c\uac00\uba70 \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ucc3e\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2\ub2e8\uacc4: \ud655\uc778\uc801 \uc694\uc778\ubd84\uc11d (CFA)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ubaa9\uc801<\/strong>: EFA\uc5d0\uc11c \uc138\uc6b4 \uac00\uc124\uc774 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub9de\ub294\uc9c0 \uac80\uc99d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc808\ucc28<\/strong>: \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ub370\uc774\ud130(Hold-out sample)\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc801\ud569\ub3c4(AIC, BIC \ub4f1)\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>[WaurimaL\uc758 \ud301] \uad70\uc9d1 \ud6a8\uacfc(Clustering Effects)\ub97c \uc8fc\uc758\ud558\uc138\uc694!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc721 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 &#8216;\ud559\uae09&#8217;\uc774\ub098 &#8216;\ud559\uad50&#8217;\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud574 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac19\uc740 \ubc18 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc131 \uac00\uc815\uc774 \uc704\ubc30\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uba74 \uc624\ucc28\uac00 \uacfc\uc18c \ucd94\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \uacb0\ub860\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ub2e4\uce35 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(Multilevel Modeling) \uc811\uadfc\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \ubb38\ud56d \ubc18\uc751 \uc774\ub860(IRT): \ubb38\ud56d \ud558\ub098\ud558\ub098\ub97c \ud604\ubbf8\uacbd\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucc99\ub3c4 \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub3c4\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4, \uac1c\ubcc4 \ubb38\ud56d\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4\uc9c0, \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ubcc0\ubcc4\ub825\uc774 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00\ud560 \ub54c IRT\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ubcc0\ubcc4\ub3c4(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"a_j\"><semantics><msub><mi>a<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">a_j<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>: \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uacfc \ub0ae\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc744 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc798 \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\ub294\uac00?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub09c\uc774\ub3c4(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"b_j\"><semantics><msub><mi>b<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">b_j<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>: \uc815\ub2f5\uc744 \ub9de\ud790 \ud655\ub960(\ub610\ub294 \uae0d\uc815 \uc751\ub2f5 \ud655\ub960)\uc774 50%\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uc9c0\uc810\uc740 \uc5b4\ub514\uc778\uac00?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \uace0\uae09 \uc8fc\uc81c: \uad00\ucc30\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc774\uc9c8\uc131(Unobserved Heterogeneity)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucd5c\uadfc \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uac15\uc870\ub418\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\uccb4 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \ud558\ub098\ub77c\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uba74 \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \uc624\ub958\uc5d0 \ube60\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(1) \uc7a0\uc7ac \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ub378 (Latent Mixture Modeling)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac \ub208\uc5d0\ub294 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubaa8\uc9d1\ub2e8 \uc548\uc5d0 \uc131\uaca9\uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5ec\ub7ec <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uacc4\uce35(Latent Classes)<\/strong>\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, &#8216;\uc218\ud559 \ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10&#8217; \ucc99\ub3c4\ub97c \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \ub54c &#8216;\uc77c\ubc18 \ud559\uc0dd \uc9d1\ub2e8&#8217;\uacfc &#8216;\uc218\ud3ec\uc790 \uc9d1\ub2e8&#8217;\uc740 \ubb38\ud56d\uc5d0 \ubc18\uc751\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \ub2e4\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(2) \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud560 \ub54c\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ud5c8\uc704\uc801 Bifactor \uad6c\uc870<\/strong>: \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c\ub294 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \ub450 \uac1c\uc778\ub370 \ud558\ub098\ub85c \ud569\uccd0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uba74, \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc798\ubabb\ub41c \ubb38\ud56d \uad50\uc815<\/strong>: \uc9d1\ub2e8\ubcc4\ub85c \ubb38\ud56d\uc758 \ub09c\uc774\ub3c4\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978\ub370 \uc774\ub97c \ud3c9\uade0 \ub0b4\ubc84\ub9ac\uba74, \uc5b4\ub290 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub9de\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \ubb38\ud56d \ud2b9\uc131\uce58\uac00 \uc0b0\ucd9c\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \uc2e4\uc2b5: \ud559\uad50 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10 \ucc99\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00 (\uac00\uc0c1 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0ac\ub840)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc804\ubb38\uac00\ub85c\uc11c <strong>&#8216;\ud559\uad50 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10(School Belongingness)&#8217;<\/strong>\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub294 5\uac1c \ubb38\ud56d\uc744 \uc608\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">[\uc2a4\ud1a0\ub9ac \uc124\uc815]<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud589\ubcf5\uc911\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \ud559\uad50 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 5\uac1c \ubb38\ud56d(5\uc810 \ub9ac\ucee4\ud2b8 \ucc99\ub3c4)\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ub098\ub294 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \uc624\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc990\uac81\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc6b0\ub9ac \ud559\uad50 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\ub4e4\uc740 \ub098\ub97c \uc874\uc911\ud574 \uc8fc\uc2e0\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ub098\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc77c\uc6d0\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc790\ub791\uc2a4\ub7fd\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \uce5c\uad6c\ub4e4\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c \ud3b8\uc548\ud558\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc6b0\ub9ac \ud559\uad50\ub294 \ub098\uc5d0\uac8c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc7a5\uc18c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc870\uc0ac \uacb0\uacfc, \uc804\uccb4 \ud559\uc0dd\uc740 \uc57d 500\uba85\uc774\uba70, \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 &#8216;\uad50\uc6b0\uad00\uacc4 \uc911\uc2ec \uc9d1\ub2e8&#8217;\uacfc &#8216;\ud559\uc5c5 \uc911\uc2ec \uc9d1\ub2e8&#8217;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac \uacc4\uce35\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">jamovi \ubc0f R \uad6c\ud604 \ubc29\ubc95<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1) jamovi \ud65c\uc6a9 (CFA \ubd84\uc11d)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Factor<\/strong> \ud0ed -> <strong>Confirmatory Factor Analysis<\/strong> \uc120\ud0dd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ubb38\ud56d 1~5\ub97c &#8216;Factor 1&#8217;\uc5d0 \ud22c\uc785.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Model Fit<\/strong>\uc5d0\uc11c RMSEA, CFI, TLI \ud655\uc778.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reliability Analysis<\/strong>\uc5d0\uc11c Cronbach&#8217;s <math data-latex=\"\\alpha\"><semantics><mi>\u03b1<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\alpha<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc640 McDonald&#8217;s <math data-latex=\"\\omega\"><semantics><mi>\u03c9<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\omega<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \ud655\uc778.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2) R \ud65c\uc6a9 (\uc7a0\uc7ac \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1 &#8211; <code>tidyLPA<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \uc608\uc2dc)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uacc4\uce35\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ub85c\ub4dc\nlibrary(tidyLPA)\nlibrary(dplyr)\n\n# \uac00\uc0c1 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (\uc804\ubb38\uac00\uc801 \uc2dd\uacac\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130)\nset.seed(123)\n# \uc9d1\ub2e8 1: \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \uc9d1\ub2e8 (250\uba85)\ngroup1 &lt;- matrix(rnorm(250 * 5, mean = 4.2, sd = 0.5), ncol = 5)\n# \uc9d1\ub2e8 2: \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc774 \ub0ae\uc740 \uc9d1\ub2e8 (250\uba85)\ngroup2 &lt;- matrix(rnorm(250 * 5, mean = 2.5, sd = 0.8), ncol = 5)\ndf &lt;- as.data.frame(rbind(group1, group2))\ncolnames(df) &lt;- paste0(\"item\", 1:5)\n\n# \uc7a0\uc7ac \ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c \ubd84\uc11d(LPA) \uc218\ud589 - \uc9d1\ub2e8 \uc218 \uacb0\uc815 (1\uac1c vs 2\uac1c)\nresults &lt;- df %&gt;%\n  estimate_profiles(1:3) # 1\uac1c\ubd80\ud130 3\uac1c \uc9d1\ub2e8\uae4c\uc9c0 \ube44\uad50\n\n# \uacb0\uacfc \ube44\uad50 (BIC\uac00 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub0ae\uc740 \ubaa8\ub378 \uc120\ud0dd)\nget_fit(results)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-e81ba8f7-5a5f-45c4-9317-cce58a1b069d\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/chap25.csv\">chap25<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/chap25.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-e81ba8f7-5a5f-45c4-9317-cce58a1b069d\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \uacb0\ub860 \ubc0f \uc81c\uc5b8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucc99\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc218(<math data-latex=\"\\alpha\"><semantics><mi>\u03b1<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\alpha<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>) \ud558\ub098 \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub05d\ub0b4\uc11c\ub294 \uc548 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uad6c\uc870 \ud655\uc778<\/strong>: EFA\/CFA\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc7a0\uc7ac \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ud0c4\ud0c4\ud788 \uac80\uc99d\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc9d1\ub2e8 \ud2b9\uc131 \uace0\ub824<\/strong>: \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc228\uaca8\uc9c4 \uc774\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc9d1\ub2e8(\uc7a0\uc7ac \uacc4\uce35)\uc774 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud45c\ubcf8 \ud06c\uae30<\/strong>: \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \ub54c\ub294 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \ud45c\ubcf8 \ud06c\uae30\uac00 \ud655\ubcf4\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Raykov, T. (2025). Psychometric scale evaluation using structural equation modeling and latent variable modeling. In R. Hoyle (Ed.), <em>Handbook of structural equation modeling<\/em> (2nd ed., pp. 462-480). Guilford Press.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bollen, K. A. (1989). <em>Structural equations with latent variables<\/em>. Wiley.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Crocker, L., &amp; Algina, J. (2006). <em>Introduction to classical and modern test theory<\/em>. Harcourt College Publishers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Muth\u00e9n, L. K., &amp; Muth\u00e9n, B. (2021). <em>Mplus user&#8217;s guide<\/em>. Authors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Raykov, T., &amp; Marcoulides, G. A. (2011). <em>Introduction to psychometric theory<\/em>. Taylor &amp; Francis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reckase, M. (2009). <em>Multidimensional item response theory<\/em>. Springer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub294 &#8220;\uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd(SEM)\uacfc \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uc2ec\ub9ac\uce21\uc815 \ucc99\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00&#8221;\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc27d\uac8c \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \uacc1\ub4e4\uc5ec \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \ucc99\ub3c4\ub97c \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uae30\ucd08\ubd80\ud130 \uace0\uae09 \uae30\ubc95(\uc7a0\uc7ac \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ub378 \ub4f1)\uae4c\uc9c0\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8f9\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \uc65c \ucc99\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uac00\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud55c\uac00? \uad50\uc721 \ubc0f \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ub300\uc0c1(\uc608: \ud559\uc2b5 \ub3d9\uae30, \uc218\ud559 \ubd88\uc548, \uc9c0\ub2a5)\uc740 \ub208\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=621\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[300],"tags":[321,351,352,324,166,301,350],"class_list":["post-621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sem","tag-cfa","tag-ctt","tag-efa","tag-irt","tag-sem","tag-301","tag-350"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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