{"id":640,"date":"2026-01-02T11:52:34","date_gmt":"2026-01-02T02:52:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=640"},"modified":"2026-01-02T11:58:47","modified_gmt":"2026-01-02T02:58:47","slug":"chap-30-%ec%9e%a0%ec%9e%ac%ea%b3%a1%ec%84%a0-%eb%aa%a8%eb%8d%b8%eb%a7%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=640","title":{"rendered":"Chap 30. \uc7a0\uc7ac\uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694? <br>\uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub294 \ud604\ub300 \uad50\uc721 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ucd94\uc801\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc778 <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac\uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(Latent Curve Modeling, LCM)<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\uac8c \ub2e4\ub904\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc885\ub2e8\uc801 \uc131\uc7a5 \ub370\uc774\ud130(Longitudinal growth data)\ub294 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ub300\uc0c1\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uce21\uc815\ud558\uace0, \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ucc99\ub3c4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba70, \uad00\ucc30 \uc2dc\uc810\uc744 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc740 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 \ubcc0\ud654\ub098 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \ubc1c\ub2ec\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5c4\uccad\ub09c \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \uae00\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774 jamovi(\ub610\ub294 R)\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574 \uc9c1\uc811 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc774\ub860\ubd80\ud130 \uc2e4\ubb34\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 \uc548\ub0b4\ud560 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \uc7a0\uc7ac\uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uae30\ucd08: \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc815\uc758\ud560 \uac83\uc778\uac00?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a0\uc7ac\uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uc544\uc774\ub514\uc5b4\ub294 \uac01 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uce21\uc815\ub41c \uc810\uc218\ub97c <strong>&#8216;\uac1c\uc778\ubcc4 \uada4\uc801(Individual Trajectory)&#8217;<\/strong>\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uace0\uc804\uc801\uc778 \ubd84\uc0b0 \ubd84\uc11d(ANOVA)\uc774 \uc9d1\ub2e8 \ud3c9\uade0\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\uc5d0 \uc9d1\uc911\ud588\ub358 \uac83\uacfc \ub300\uc870\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 \uae30\ubcf8 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uac00\uc7a5 \uace0\uc804\uc801\uc778 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uce21\uc815\ub41c \uad00\ucc30 \uc810\uc218(<math data-latex=\"y[t]_i\"><semantics><mrow><mi>y<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mo><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">y[t]_i<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\ub97c \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc131\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\ud574\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"y[t]_i = f_{0i} + B[t] \\cdot f_{1i} + u[t]_i\"><semantics><mrow><mi>y<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mo><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><mi>B<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mo><mo>\u22c5<\/mo><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><mi>u<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mo><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">y[t]_i = f_{0i} + B[t] \\cdot f_{1i} + u[t]_i<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uc808\ud3b8(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"f_{0i}\"><semantics><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">f_{0i}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>: \uac1c\uc778 <math data-latex=\"i\"><semantics><mi>i<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">i<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \uc218\uc900 \ub610\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uc810 \uc810\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \uae30\uc6b8\uae30(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"f_{1i}\"><semantics><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">f_{1i}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>: \uc2dc\uac04 \uacbd\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac1c\uc778 <math data-latex=\"i\"><semantics><mi>i<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">i<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub7c9(\uc131\uc7a5\ub960)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc794\ucc28(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"u[t]_i\"><semantics><mrow><mi>u<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mo><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">u[t]_i<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>: \ud2b9\uc815 \uce21\uc815 \uc2dc\uc810 <math data-latex=\"t\"><semantics><mi>t<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc624\ucc28\ub098 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <strong>\uae30\uc800 \uacc4\uc218(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"B[t]\"><semantics><mrow><mi>B<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">B[t]<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>, Basis coefficients)<\/strong>\ub294 \ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, 4\ub144\uac04 \ub9e4\ub144 \uce21\uc815\ud588\ub2e4\uba74 <math data-latex=\"B[t]\"><semantics><mrow><mi>B<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">B[t]<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub97c [0, 1, 2, 3]\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc120\ud615 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \uac00\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \ubd84\uc11d \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c: SEM vs. MLM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc131\uc7a5 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \ub2e4\uce35 \ubaa8\ub378(MLM)\uc774\ub098 \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ub378(SEM) \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c \ubaa8\ub450\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uc815 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uac01\uac01 \uc7a5\ub2e8\uc810\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\ud2b9\uc9d5<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>MLM (Multilevel Modeling)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>SEM (Structural Equation Modeling)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\uc8fc\uc694 \uc7a5\uc810<\/strong><\/td><td>\ube44\uc120\ud615 \uada4\uc801 \uc9c1\uc811 \ucd94\uc815 \uac00\ub2a5, \uc18c\ud45c\ubcf8\uc5d0 \uc720\ub9ac(REML \uc0ac\uc6a9)<\/td><td>\ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ud1b5\uacc4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\ub85c \ud3ec\ud568 \uac00\ub2a5(\uc608: 2\ucc28 \uc694\uc778 \ubaa8\ub378)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\uc720\uc5f0\uc131<\/strong><\/td><td>\uc2dc\uc810 \uac04 \uc794\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870 \uc81c\uc57d\uc801<\/td><td>\ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc794\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870 \uc124\uc815 \uac00\ub2a5, \uc801\ud569\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uc218 \uc81c\uacf5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubcf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubaa8\ud615\uc758 \uc801\ud569\ub3c4\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uace0 \ub354 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc778\uacfc \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud655\uc7a5\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c <strong>SEM \uc811\uadfc\ubc95<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ucd08\uc810\uc744 \ub9de\ucda5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. [\uc0ac\ub840 \uc5f0\uad6c] \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc5b4\ud718\ub825 \uc131\uc7a5 \ubd84\uc11d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ub860\uc744 \uc2e4\uc0dd\ud65c\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud574 \ubd05\uc2dc\ub2e4. \ud55c \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c 1\ud559\ub144\ubd80\ud130 4\ud559\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd 100\uba85\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ub9e4\ub144 &#8216;\uc5b4\ud718\ub825 \uac80\uc0ac(Vocabulary Test)&#8217;\ub97c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud569\uc2dc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \ubc30\uacbd (Story)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc5f0\uad6c \uc9c8\ubb38<\/strong>: \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5b4\ud718\ub825\uc740 \ud559\ub144\uc774 \uc62c\ub77c\uac10\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc120\ud615\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud558\ub294\uac00? \ucd08\uae30 \uc5b4\ud718\ub825 \uc218\uc900\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ub354 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\ub294\uac00?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uad6c\uc131<\/strong>: <code>Student_ID<\/code>, <code>Grade1<\/code>, <code>Grade2<\/code>, <code>Grade3<\/code>, <code>Grade4<\/code>, <code>Family_SES<\/code>(\uac00\uc871 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 jamovi\/R \ubd84\uc11d \uac00\uc774\ub4dc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>jamovi\uc758 <code>SEMLj<\/code> \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc774\ub098 R\uc758 <code>lavaan<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>R\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uc120\ud615 \uc131\uc7a5 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1 \uc608\uc2dc \ucf54\ub4dc:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># 1. \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ub85c\ub4dc\nif(!require(lavaan)) install.packages(\"lavaan\")\nlibrary(lavaan)\n\n# 2. \uad50\uc721\ud604\uc7a5 \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (100\uba85\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd)\nset.seed(2026) # \uacb0\uacfc \uc7ac\ud604\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc124\uc815\nn &lt;- 100\n\n# \uac00\uc0c1 \uc694\uc778 \uc0dd\uc131\nSES &lt;- rnorm(n, 0, 1) # \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704 (\ud45c\uc900\ud654 \uc810\uc218)\nintercept &lt;- 50 + 5 * SES + rnorm(n, 0, 2) # \ucd08\uae30\uce58 (SES \uc601\ud5a5 \ud3ec\ud568)\nslope &lt;- 3 + 1.5 * SES + rnorm(n, 0, 0.5) # \uc131\uc7a5\ub960 (SES \uc601\ud5a5 \ud3ec\ud568)\n\n# 4\uac1c \uc2dc\uc810 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (\uc120\ud615 \uc131\uc7a5 \uac00\uc815) \nGrade1 &lt;- intercept + rnorm(n, 0, 1)\nGrade2 &lt;- intercept + 1 * slope + rnorm(n, 0, 1)\nGrade3 &lt;- intercept + 2 * slope + rnorm(n, 0, 1)\nGrade4 &lt;- intercept + 3 * slope + rnorm(n, 0, 1)\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130\ud504\ub808\uc784 \uad6c\ucd95 \nvocab_data &lt;- data.frame(Grade1, Grade2, Grade3, Grade4, SES)\n\n# 3. \uc7a0\uc7ac\uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ub378(LCM) \uc815\uc758\n# i(intercept)\uc640 s(slope)\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\uace0 \uae30\uc800 \uacc4\uc218\ub97c &#91;0, 1, 2, 3]\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \nlcm_model &lt;- '\n  i =~ 1*Grade1 + 1*Grade2 + 1*Grade3 + 1*Grade4\n  s =~ 0*Grade1 + 1*Grade2 + 2*Grade3 + 3*Grade4\n\n  # \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ubaa8\ub378: SES\uac00 i\uc640 s\ub97c \uc608\uce21\n  i ~ SES\n  s ~ SES\n'\n\n# 4. \ubaa8\ub378 \ucd94\uc815 \ubc0f \uacb0\uacfc \ubcf4\uace0\nfit &lt;- growth(lcm_model, data = vocab_data)\nsummary(fit, fit.measure = TRUE, standardized = TRUE)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-0e94acc5-b531-4494-be5b-c9c4d4de0044\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chap30.csv\">chap30<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chap30.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-0e94acc5-b531-4494-be5b-c9c4d4de0044\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 \uacb0\uacfc \ud574\uc11d \uac00\uc774\ub4dc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ud575\uc2ec \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <sup><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1) \uace0\uc815 \ud6a8\uacfc (Fixed Effects)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>i ~ 1<\/code> (\uc808\ud3b8 \ud3c9\uade0)<\/strong>: \uc6b0\ub9ac \ud559\uad50 1\ud559\ub144 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc5b4\ud718\ub825 \uc810\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code>s ~ 1<\/code> (\uae30\uc6b8\uae30 \ud3c9\uade0)<\/strong>: \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9e4\ub144 \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba87 \uc810\uc529 \uc131\uc7a5\ud588\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2) \ub79c\ub364 \ud6a8\uacfc (Random Effects \/ Variances)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>i ~~ i<\/code> (\uc808\ud3b8 \ubd84\uc0b0)<\/strong>: \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4 \uac04\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \uc5b4\ud718\ub825 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ud070\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code>s ~~ s<\/code> (\uae30\uc6b8\uae30 \ubd84\uc0b0)<\/strong>: \ud559\uc0dd\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uc131\uc7a5 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub2e4\ub978\uc9c0(\uac1c\ubcc4\uc131)\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3) \uc608\uce21 \uc694\uc778 \ud574\uc11d (Regression Paths)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>s ~ SES<\/code><\/strong>: \uc774 \uac12\uc774 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uc758\ud55c \uc591\uc218\ub77c\uba74, &#8220;\uac00\uc815\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\uac00 \ub192\uc744\uc218\ub85d \uc5b4\ud718\ub825 \uc131\uc7a5 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \ub354 \ube60\ub974\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \uad50\uc721\uc801 \uacb0\ub860\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>R \ucf54\ub4dc\uac00 \uc775\uc219\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\uba74, <strong>jamovi<\/strong>\uc758 <code>SEMLj<\/code> \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574 \ubcf4\uc138\uc694.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc900\ube44<\/strong>: \uc704 R \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c <code>vocab_data<\/code>\ub97c CSV\ub85c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uc5ec jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5fd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubaa8\ub4c8 \uc2e4\ud589<\/strong>: <code>SEMLj<\/code> -> <code>Syntax Mode<\/code> \ub610\ub294 <code>Growth Model<\/code> \ud074\ub9ad.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubcc0\uc218 \ubc30\uce58<\/strong>: <code>Grade1~4<\/code>\ub97c \uac01 \uc2dc\uc810(Time points)\uc5d0 \ubc30\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uae30\uc800 \uacc4\uc218 \uc124\uc815<\/strong>: \ud559\ub144\ubcc4\ub85c [0, 1, 2, 3]\uc744 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc785\ub825\ud558\uc5ec \uc120\ud615 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uad6c\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc608\uce21 \ubcc0\uc218<\/strong>: <code>SES<\/code>\ub97c <code>Covariates<\/code> \uce78\uc5d0 \ub123\uc5b4 \uc131\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc801 \ud655\uc7a5\uacfc \ud574\uc11d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \ubcf4\ud1b5 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc5ec \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 \ubb34\ubcc0\ud654 \ubaa8\ub378 (Level-only Model)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc131\uc7a5\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubaa8\ub378\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \uc774 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc801\ud569\ub3c4\uac00 \ub098\uc058\ub2e4\uba74(\ubcf4\ud1b5 \ub098\uc069\ub2c8\ub2e4), \uc774\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc810\uc218\uac00 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcc0\ud654\ud588\uc74c\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 \uc120\ud615 \uc131\uc7a5 \ubaa8\ub378 (Linear Growth Model)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub9e4\ub144 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc18d\ub3c4\ub85c \uc131\uc7a5\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ud3c9\uade0(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\alpha_2\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b1<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\alpha_2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>: \uc804\uccb4 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\uac04 \uc131\uc7a5\ub960\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubcc0\ub7c9(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\psi_{22}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03c8<\/mi><mn>22<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\psi_{22}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>: \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4 \uac04\uc5d0 \uc131\uc7a5 \uc18d\ub3c4 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ud070\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\psi_{21}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03c8<\/mi><mn>21<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\psi_{21}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>: \ucd08\uae30 \uc218\uc900(\uc808\ud3b8)\uacfc \uc131\uc7a5\ub960(\uae30\uc6b8\uae30) \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad50\uc721\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc885\uc885 \ucd08\uae30\uac12\uc774 \ub0ae\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ub354 \ube68\ub9ac \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\ub294\uc9c0(\ubcf4\uc0c1 \ud6a8\uacfc)\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc4f0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 \uc7a0\uc7ac \uae30\uc800 \ubaa8\ub378 (Latent Basis Model)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \uacb0\uc815\ud558\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \ubaa8\ub378\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uccab \uc2dc\uc810\uc744 0, \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \uc2dc\uc810\uc744 3\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc911\uac04 \uc2dc\uc810(<math data-latex=\"\\lambda_{22}, \\lambda_{32}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03bb<\/mi><mn>22<\/mn><\/msub><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03bb<\/mi><mn>32<\/mn><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\lambda_{22}, \\lambda_{32}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc744 \ucd94\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \ucd94\uc815\ub41c \uac12\uc774 1.5, 2.5 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\uc628\ub2e4\uba74, \uc131\uc7a5\uc774 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \ub354 \uac00\uc18d\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \uc7a0\uc7ac \uae30\uc800 \ubaa8\ub378 \uc815\uc758\nlatent_basis_model &lt;- '\n  # \uc808\ud3b8(i) \uc815\uc758\n  i =~ 1*Grade1 + 1*Grade2 + 1*Grade3 + 1*Grade4\n  \n  # \uc7a0\uc7ac \uae30\uc800(s) \uc815\uc758: \uccab \uc2dc\uc810 0, \ub05d \uc2dc\uc810 3 \uace0\uc815. \uc911\uac04\uc740 \ub77c\ubca8(L2, L3)\uc744 \ubd99\uc5ec \ucd94\uc815\n  s =~ 0*Grade1 + L2*Grade2 + L3*Grade3 + 3*Grade4\n\n  # i\uc640 s\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \ubc0f \ubd84\uc0b0\/\uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0 \ucd94\uc815 (growth \ud568\uc218\uac00 \uc790\ub3d9 \uc218\ud589)\n'\n\n# \ubaa8\ub378 \uc2e4\ud589\nfit_basis &lt;- growth(latent_basis_model, data = vocab_data)\n\n# \uacb0\uacfc \ubcf4\uace0\nsummary(fit_basis, fit.measure = TRUE, standardized = TRUE)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \uacb0\uce21\uce58\uc640 \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\ud45c\uc758 \uc720\uc5f0\uc131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc2e4\uc81c \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \uc804\ud559\uc744 \uac00\uac70\ub098 \ud2b9\uc815 \uac80\uc0ac\ub97c \ube60\ub728\ub9ac\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ud754\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uacb0\uce21\uce58 \ucc98\ub9ac<\/strong>: SEM \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\ub294 <strong>\uc644\uc804\uc815\ubcf4 \ucd5c\ub300\uc6b0\ub3c4\ubc95(FIML)<\/strong>\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uacb0\uce21\uce58\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ub204\ub77d\ub41c \ud559\uc0dd\uc744 \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucd94\uc815\uce58\ub97c \uc5bb\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uac00\uc18d \uc885\ub2e8 \uc124\uacc4(Accelerated Longitudinal Study)<\/strong>: \uc9e7\uc740 \uae30\uac04 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc5f0\ub839\ub300\uc758 \ucf54\ud638\ud2b8\ub97c \uad00\ucc30\ud558\uc5ec, \uc7a5\uae30\uc801\uc778 \ubc1c\ub2ec \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uc9e7\uc740 \uc2dc\uac04 \uc548\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, 1-2\ud559\ub144 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uacfc 2-3\ud559\ub144 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc744 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uad00\ucc30\ud558\uc5ec 1\ud559\ub144\ubd80\ud130 3\ud559\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uada4\uc801\uc744 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \uc131\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc694\uc778 (\uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ubaa8\ub378)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5 \uada4\uc801\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 <strong>\uc2dc\uac04-\ubd88\ubcc0 \uc608\uce21 \ubcc0\uc218(Time-invariant predictors)<\/strong>\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"f_{0i} = \\alpha_{00} + \\alpha_{01} \\cdot SES_i + d_{0i}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b1<\/mi><mn>00<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b1<\/mi><mn>01<\/mn><\/msub><mo>\u22c5<\/mo><mi>S<\/mi><mi>E<\/mi><msub><mi>S<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>d<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">f_{0i} = \\alpha_{00} + \\alpha_{01} \\cdot SES_i + d_{0i}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"f_{1i} = \\alpha_{10} + \\alpha_{11} \\cdot SES_i + d_{1i}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b1<\/mi><mn>10<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b1<\/mi><mn>11<\/mn><\/msub><mo>\u22c5<\/mo><mi>S<\/mi><mi>E<\/mi><msub><mi>S<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>d<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">f_{1i} = \\alpha_{10} + \\alpha_{11} \\cdot SES_i + d_{1i}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc704 \uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704(SES)\uac00 \uae30\uc6b8\uae30(<math data-latex=\"f_{1i}\"><semantics><msub><mi>f<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>i<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">f_{1i}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc758 \uc720\uc758\ud55c \uc608\uce21 \uc694\uc778\uc774\ub77c\uba74, &#8220;\uac00\uc815 \ud615\ud3b8\uc774 \uc88b\uc744\uc218\ub85d \uc5b4\ud718\ub825 \uc131\uc7a5 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \ub354 \ube60\ub974\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \uacb0\ub860\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. \uacb0\ub860 \ubc0f \ud5a5\ud6c4 \uc804\ub9dd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a0\uc7ac\uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ud3ec\ucc29\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc\uc5d0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uace0\uae09 \ubaa8\ub378\ub85c \ubc1c\uc804\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub3d9\uc801 SEM(DSEM)<\/strong>: \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc624\ucc28 \uac04 \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0 \ud6a8\uacfc\uae4c\uc9c0 \uace0\ub824\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc131\uc7a5 \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ub378(GMM)<\/strong>: \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc131\uc7a5 \uada4\uc801\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc9d1\ub2e8(\uc608: \uc0c1\uc704\uad8c, \uc815\uccb4\uad8c, \ud558\ub77d\uad8c)\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \ucc28\uc774 \uc810\uc218 \ubaa8\ub378(LDS)<\/strong>: \uc2dc\uc810 \uac04 \ubcc0\ud654\ub7c9 \uc790\uccb4\uc758 \uc5ed\ub3d9\uc131\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub4e4\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc18d\uc5d0 \uc228\uaca8\uc9c4 \ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud558\uac8c \ub4e4\ub824\uc8fc\uc2dc\uae38 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bell, R. Q. (1953). Convergence: An accelerated longitudinal approach. <em>Child Development, 24<\/em>(3\/4), 145\u2013152.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bell, R. Q. (1954). An experimental test of the accelerated longitudinal approach. <em>Child Development, 25<\/em>(4), 281\u2013286.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grimm, K. J., Ram, N., &amp; Estabrook, R. (2017). <em>Growth modeling: Structural equation and multilevel modeling approaches<\/em>. Guilford Press.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>McArdle, J. J. (1988). Dynamic but structural equation modeling of repeated measures data. In J. R. Nesselroade &amp; R. B. Cattell (Eds.), <em>Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology<\/em> (pp. 561\u2013614). Springer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Meredith, W., &amp; Tisak, J. (1990). Latent curve analysis. <em>Psychometrika, 55<\/em>(1), 107\u2013122.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Muth\u00e9n, B., &amp; Shedden, K. (1999). Finite mixture modeling with mixture outcomes using the EM algorithm. <em>Biometrics, 55<\/em>(2), 463\u2013469.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wishart, J. (1938). Growth-rate determinations in nutrition studies with the bacon pig, and their analysis. <em>Biometrika, 30<\/em>(1\/2), 16\u201328.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694? \uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub294 \ud604\ub300 \uad50\uc721 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ucd94\uc801\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc778 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1(Latent Curve Modeling, LCM)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\uac8c \ub2e4\ub904\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc885\ub2e8\uc801 \uc131\uc7a5 \ub370\uc774\ud130(Longitudinal growth data)\ub294 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ub300\uc0c1\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uce21\uc815\ud558\uace0, \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ucc99\ub3c4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba70, \uad00\ucc30 \uc2dc\uc810\uc744 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc740 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 \ubcc0\ud654\ub098 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \ubc1c\ub2ec\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5c4\uccad\ub09c <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=640\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[300],"tags":[145,199,166,301,365,366],"class_list":["post-640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sem","tag-jamovi","tag-r","tag-sem","tag-301","tag-365","tag-366"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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