{"id":659,"date":"2026-01-04T22:17:21","date_gmt":"2026-01-04T13:17:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=659"},"modified":"2026-01-04T22:17:22","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T13:17:22","slug":"chap-33-%ec%9e%a0%ec%9e%ac-%ed%8a%b9%ec%84%b1-%ec%83%81%ed%83%9c-%eb%aa%a8%ed%98%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=659","title":{"rendered":"Chap 33. \uc7a0\uc7ac \ud2b9\uc131 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubaa8\ud615"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694. \uc774\ubc88 \uc8fc\uc81c\ub294 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc774 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub0a8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc815\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 <strong>\uc7a0\uc7ac \ud2b9\uc131-\uc0c1\ud0dc \ubaa8\ud615(Latent Trait-State Models, LTS)<\/strong>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub9ce\uc740 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\uac00 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 &#8216;\ud559\uc5c5 \uc5f4\uc758&#8217;\ub098 &#8216;\uc790\uc544\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10&#8217;\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud560 \ub54c, \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd \uace0\uc720\uc758 \uae30\uc9c8(Trait)\uc778\uc9c0, \uc544\ub2c8\uba74 \uadf8\ub0a0\uc758 \uae30\ubd84\uc774\ub098 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc(State)\uc778\uc9c0 \uace0\ubbfc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacfc\uac70\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774 \ub458\uc744 \uc774\ubd84\ubc95\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud604\ub300 \ud1b5\uacc4\ud559\uc740 \uc774 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0\uac00 \uacf5\uc874\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\uad50\uc721\ud559 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\ub2e4 \ubcf4\uba74 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\uc744 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \ucd94\uc801 \uc870\uc0ac(\uc885\ub2e8 \uc5f0\uad6c)\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc5bb\ub294 \uc810\uc218\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc131\ubd84\uc758 \ud569\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc2dc\uac04 \ubd88\ubcc0 \uc131\ubd84 (Time-Invariant Component, <\/strong><math data-latex=\"I\"><semantics><mi>I<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>):<\/strong> \ud754\ud788 &#8216;\ud2b9\uc131(Trait)&#8217;\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \ud758\ub7ec\ub3c4 \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc810\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1\ub144\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\ub3c4, 2\ub144\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\ub3c4 \uac1c\uc778\ucc28\uc758 \uc0c1\uad00\uad00\uacc4\ub294 1.0\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc2dc\uac04 \uac00\ubcc0 \uc131\ubd84 (Time-Varying Component, <\/strong><math data-latex=\"V\"><semantics><mi>V<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>):<\/strong> \ud754\ud788 &#8216;\uc0c1\ud0dc(State)&#8217; \ub610\ub294 &#8216;\uc0c1\ud669(Occasion)&#8217;\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\uc815 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc131\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc131\ubd84\uc740 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub0a0\uc218\ub85d \uc0c1\uad00\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ub0ae\uc544\uc9c0\ub294 \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0(Autoregressive) \uc18d\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \uc7a5\uc758 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub294 \uad00\uce21\ub41c \uc810\uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc131\ubd84\uc744 \ubd84\ub9ac\ud574 \ub0b4\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd \ubaa8\ud615(SEM)\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \uae30\ubcf8 \ubaa8\ud615: \ub2e8\ubcc0\ub7c9 \ud2b9\uc131-\uc0c1\ud0dc-\uc624\ucc28 \ubaa8\ud615 (Kenny-Zautra)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uac00\uc7a5 \uae30\ucd08\uc801\uc778 \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 Kenny\uc640 Zautra(1995)\uac00 \uc81c\uc548\ud55c \ubaa8\ud615\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 \uac1c\ub150<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \uac01 \uc2dc\uc810(<math data-latex=\"t\"><semantics><mi>t<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uce21\uc815 \ubcc0\uc218(<math data-latex=\"Y\"><semantics><mi>Y<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\ub9cc \uc788\uc744 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"Y_t = I + V_t + E_t\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Y<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>E<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Y_t = I + V_t + E_t<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <math data-latex=\"E\"><semantics><mi>E<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">E<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. <math data-latex=\"V\"><semantics><mi>V<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \uc774\uc804 \uc2dc\uc810\uc758 <math data-latex=\"V\"><semantics><mi>V<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uac00\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4(<math data-latex=\"V_t = \\beta V_{t-1} + \\epsilon\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mrow><mi>t<\/mi><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><mi>\u03f5<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V_t = \\beta V_{t-1} + \\epsilon<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 \ud55c\uacc4\uc810<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud558\uace0 \uc6b0\uc544\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc2e4\uc81c \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc790\uc8fc \uc2e4\ud328\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uc218\ub834\uc774 \uc798 \uc548 \ub418\uac70\ub098 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \ucd94\uc815\uce58(Heywood case)\uac00 \ub098\uc624\uae30 \uc27d\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc548\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uc5bb\uc73c\ub824\uba74 \ud45c\ubcf8 \ud06c\uae30\uac00 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ucee4\uc57c \ud558\uace0(500\uba85 \uc774\uc0c1 \uad8c\uc7a5), 4\ubc88 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uce21\uc815 \uc2dc\uc810\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ub354 \uac15\ub825\ud558\uace0 \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc778 <strong>\ub2e4\ubcc0\ub7c9 \ubaa8\ud615<\/strong>\uc73c\ub85c \ub118\uc5b4\uac11\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \ub2e4\ubcc0\ub7c9 \ud2b9\uc131-\uc0c1\ud0dc-\uc0c1\ud669 (Trait-State-Occasion, TSO) \ubaa8\ud615<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uad50\uc721 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubcf4\ud1b5 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\uac1c\ub150\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \ubb38\ud56d(\uc608: \ud559\uc5c5\uc5f4\uc758 1, 2, 3\ubc88 \ubb38\ud56d)\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc774 TSO \ubaa8\ud615\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \ubaa8\ud615\uc758 \uad6c\uc870<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \uac01 \uc2dc\uc810(<math data-latex=\"t\"><semantics><mi>t<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218(<math data-latex=\"L_t\"><semantics><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">L_t<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\ub97c \ucd94\ucd9c\ud55c \ub4a4, \uc774 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \ub2e4\uc2dc <math data-latex=\"I\"><semantics><mi>I<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc640 <math data-latex=\"V\"><semantics><mi>V<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub85c \ubd84\ud574\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"L_t = I + V_t\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">L_t = I + V_t<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ubaa8\ud615\uc758 \uc7a5\uc810\uc740 \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\ub97c \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubbf8\ub9ac \uac78\ub7ec\ub0b4\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, <math data-latex=\"I\"><semantics><mi>I<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc640 <math data-latex=\"V\"><semantics><mi>V<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \ubd84\uc0b0\uc744 \ub354 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \ucd94\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \uc2e4\uc2b5: \uac00\uc0c1\uc758 \uad50\uc721 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc758 \uc774\ud574\ub97c \ub3d5\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uac00\uc0c1\uc758 \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e4\uc2b5\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624: &#8220;\uc6b0\ub9ac \ud559\uad50 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 \ud559\uad50\ub97c \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub294\uac00?&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc5f0\uad6c \uc8fc\uc81c:<\/strong> \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd\uc758 <strong>&#8216;\ud559\uad50 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10(School Belonging)&#8217;<\/strong> \ubcc0\ud654 \uc5f0\uad6c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub300\uc0c1:<\/strong> \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50 1\ud559\ub144 \uc2e0\uc785\uc0dd 500\uba85<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uae30\uac04:<\/strong> 1\ud559\ub144 1\ud559\uae30\ubd80\ud130 2\ud559\ub144 2\ud559\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \ucd1d 4\ud559\uae30 (4 Waves)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uce21\uc815 \ub3c4\uad6c:<\/strong> \ud559\uad50 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10 \ucc99\ub3c4 3\ubb38\ud56d (Item 1, 2, 3)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Item 1: \ub098\ub294 \uc774 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc77c\uc6d0\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ub290\ub080\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Item 2: \ub098\ub294 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \uc624\uba74 \ub9c8\uc74c\uc774 \ud3b8\ud558\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Item 3: \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uacfc \uce5c\uad6c\ub4e4\uc740 \ub098\ub97c \uc874\uc911\ud574 \uc900\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uac00\uc815:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud559\uc0dd\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ud0c0\uace0\ub09c \uc0ac\uad50\uc131(Trait, <math data-latex=\"I\"><semantics><mi>I<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud559\uae30\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ub2f4\uc784\uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774\ub098 \uc9dd\uafcd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc18c\uc18d\uac10(State, <math data-latex=\"V\"><semantics><mi>V<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc774 \ubcc0\ub3d9\ud568.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc9c0\ub09c \ud559\uae30\uc758 \uae30\ubd84\uc774 \uc774\ubc88 \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc90c(Autoregression).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \ubc0f \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c (R &amp; jamovi)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>jamovi \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0\ub294 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc885\ub2e8 \uad6c\uc870\ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uba54\ub274\uac00 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc, <code>SEMLj<\/code> \ubaa8\ub4c8(lavaan \uae30\ubc18)\uc744 \uc124\uce58\ud558\uba74 \ubd84\uc11d\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud639\uc740 R\uc758 <code>lavaan<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc544\ub798\ub294 <strong>R\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uc5d0 \ub9de\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \ucf54\ub4dc<\/strong>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c RStudio\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uac70\ub098, \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c jamovi\ub85c \ubd88\ub7ec\uc640 \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud544\uc218 \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ub85c\ub4dc\nif(!require(lavaan)) install.packages(\"lavaan\")\nif(!require(MASS)) install.packages(\"MASS\")\n\nset.seed(2026) # \uc7ac\ud604\uc131\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc2dc\ub4dc \uc124\uc815\n\n# 1. \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\nN &lt;- 500 # \ud45c\ubcf8 \ud06c\uae30 (\uc548\uc815\uc801 \ucd94\uc815\uc744 \uc704\ud574 500\uba85 \uc124\uc815)\nWaves &lt;- 4\n\n# \uc7a0\uc7ac \ubcc0\uc218 \uc0dd\uc131\n# Trait (I): \uc2dc\uac04 \ubd88\ubcc0 \uc131\ubd84 (\ud3c9\uade0 0, \ubd84\uc0b0 0.5)\nTrait &lt;- rnorm(N, 0, sqrt(0.5))\n\n# State (V): \uc2dc\uac04 \uac00\ubcc0 \uc131\ubd84 (\uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0 \uad6c\uc870)\nV &lt;- matrix(0, N, Waves)\nbeta &lt;- 0.4 # \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0 \uacc4\uc218 (\uc774\uc804 \uc2dc\uc810\uc774 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5)\nV&#91;,1] &lt;- rnorm(N, 0, sqrt(0.5)) # \uccab \uc2dc\uc810\nfor(t in 2:Waves){\n  # Vt = beta * V(t-1) + disturbance\n  V&#91;,t] &lt;- beta * V&#91;,t-1] + rnorm(N, 0, sqrt(0.5 * (1 - beta^2))) \n}\n\n# \uad00\uce21 \ubcc0\uc218 (Y) \uc0dd\uc131: Y = Loading*L + Error\n# L = Trait + State\nData &lt;- data.frame(ID = 1:N)\nloadings &lt;- c(1.0, 0.9, 0.8) # \ubb38\ud56d\ubcc4 \uc694\uc778\uc801\uc7ac\ub7c9 (\ube44\ub4f1\uac00 \uac00\uc815)\n\nfor(t in 1:Waves){\n  Latent_L &lt;- Trait + V&#91;,t]\n  for(k in 1:3){ # 3\uac1c\uc758 \ubb38\ud56d\n    # \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28 \ucd94\uac00\n    error &lt;- rnorm(N, 0, 0.3) \n    # \ubcc0\uc218\uba85 \uc0dd\uc131 (\uc608: T1_Item1)\n    var_name &lt;- paste0(\"T\", t, \"_Item\", k)\n    Data&#91;&#91;var_name]] &lt;- loadings&#91;k] * Latent_L + error\n  }\n}\n\n# \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud655\uc778\nhead(Data)\nwrite.csv(Data, \"School_Belonging_Longitudinal.csv\", row.names=FALSE)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-78829165-da2c-424e-8449-97f32f010f73\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Chap33.csv\">Chap33<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Chap33.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-78829165-da2c-424e-8449-97f32f010f73\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. TSO \ubaa8\ud615 \ubd84\uc11d \ub2e8\uacc4 (jamovi SEMLj \/ lavaan \ubb38\ubc95)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\ub4e0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc2e4\uc81c TSO \ubaa8\ud615\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud574 \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4. TSO \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \ubb38\ubc95\uc774 \ub2e4\uc18c \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uaf3c\uaf3c\ud788 \uc791\uc131\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 \ubd84\uc11d \uc804\ub7b5: \ube44\ub4f1\uac00 \uce21\uc815 \ubc0f \uacf5\uc720\ub41c \ubc29\ubc95 \ubcc0\ub7c9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucd08\uae30 TSO \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubb38\ud56d\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\ub825\uc774 \uac19\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815(\ud0c0\uc6b0-\ub3d9\ub4f1)\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ub294 \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uac19\uc740 \ubb38\ud56d\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uce21\uc815\ud558\uba74 <strong>\ubc29\ubc95 \ud6a8\uacfc(Method Effect)<\/strong>\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc5ec \uc624\ucc28\ub07c\ub9ac \uc0c1\uad00\uc774 \uc0dd\uae41\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud55c <strong>\uc0c1\uad00\ub41c \uace0\uc720\uc131(Correlated Uniqueness, CU)<\/strong> \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud3b8\uc758(bias)\ub97c \uc904\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 lavaan \ubb38\ubc95 (jamovi\uc758 SEMLj \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc5d0 \ubd99\uc5ec\ub123\uae30)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># TSO Model Syntax\n\n# 1. \uac01 \uc2dc\uc810(Wave)\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218(L) \uc815\uc758 (Latent Variables)\nL1 =~ 1*T1_Item1 + T1_Item2 + T1_Item3\nL2 =~ 1*T2_Item1 + T2_Item2 + T2_Item3\nL3 =~ 1*T3_Item1 + T3_Item2 + T3_Item3\nL4 =~ 1*T4_Item1 + T4_Item2 + T4_Item3\n\n# 2. \uce21\uc815 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131 \uac00\uc815 (Factor Loadings Equality across waves)\n# \uac19\uc740 \ubb38\ud56d\uc740 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\ub3c4 \uac19\uc740 \uc694\uc778 \uc801\uc7ac\ub7c9\uc744 \uac00\uc838\uc57c \ud568\nL1 =~ l2*T1_Item2 + l3*T1_Item3\nL2 =~ l2*T2_Item2 + l3*T2_Item3\nL3 =~ l2*T3_Item2 + l3*T3_Item3\nL4 =~ l2*T4_Item2 + l3*T4_Item3\n\n# 3. \uce21\uc815 \uc624\ucc28\uc758 \uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0 (Correlated Uniqueness) - \ubc29\ubc95 \ud6a8\uacfc \ud1b5\uc81c\nT1_Item1 ~~ T2_Item1 + T3_Item1 + T4_Item1\nT2_Item1 ~~ T3_Item1 + T4_Item1\nT3_Item1 ~~ T4_Item1\n\nT1_Item2 ~~ T2_Item2 + T3_Item2 + T4_Item2\nT2_Item2 ~~ T3_Item2 + T4_Item2\nT3_Item2 ~~ T4_Item2\n\nT1_Item3 ~~ T2_Item3 + T3_Item3 + T4_Item3\nT2_Item3 ~~ T3_Item3 + T4_Item3\nT3_Item3 ~~ T4_Item3\n\n# 4. \ud2b9\uc131(Trait)\uacfc \uc0c1\ud0dc(State)\ub85c \ubd84\ud574\n# Trait (I)\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc2dc\uc810\uc758 L\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc601\ud5a5(1.0)\uc744 \ubbf8\uce68\nTrait =~ 1*L1 + 1*L2 + 1*L3 + 1*L4\n\n# State (V) \uc815\uc758: L = I + V \uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, L\uc744 \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc794\ucc28(residual)\uac00 \uace7 State\uac00 \ub428\n# \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc lavaan\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 State \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uba85\ud655\ud568.\n# \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c\ub294 L\uc758 \uc794\ucc28\ub97c V\ub85c \uac1c\ub150\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc500.\n# \ub354 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 TSO \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc744 \uc704\ud574 State \uc7a0\uc7ac\ubcc0\uc218(S)\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud568.\n\nS1 =~ 1*L1\nS2 =~ 1*L2\nS3 =~ 1*L3\nS4 =~ 1*L4\n\n# 5. Trait\uc640 State\uc758 \uad00\uacc4 \uc124\uc815\n# Trait\uc640 State\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \ub3c5\ub9bd\nTrait ~~ 0*S1 + 0*S2 + 0*S3 + 0*S4\n\n# 6. State\uc758 \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0 \uad6c\uc870 (Autoregression) \nS2 ~ beta*S1\nS3 ~ beta*S2\nS4 ~ beta*S3\n\n# 7. \uc2dd\ubcc4\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc81c\uc57d \uc870\uac74 (Trait \ubd84\uc0b0 \ucd94\uc815, State \uc794\ucc28 \ubd84\uc0b0 \ub4f1)\nTrait ~~ NA*Trait # Trait \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc790\uc720 \ucd94\uc815\nS1 ~~ S1 # \uccab \uc2dc\uc810 State \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc790\uc720 \ucd94\uc815\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>[\ud574\uc11d \ud301]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Trait\uc758 \ubd84\uc0b0:<\/strong> \ud559\uc0dd \uace0\uc720\uc758 &#8216;\ud559\uad50 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10&#8217; \uae30\uc9c8\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \ub098\ub294\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>State\uc758 \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0 \uacc4\uc218(beta):<\/strong> \uc774\uc804 \ud559\uae30\uc758 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc774 \ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\ub85c \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc774\uc6d4\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac12\uc774 1\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b0\uba74 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uac70\uc758 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uace0, 0\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b0\uba74 \ub9e4 \ud559\uae30 \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \ub9ac\uc14b\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc624\ucc28 \uc0c1\uad00:<\/strong> \ubb38\ud56d \uc790\uccb4\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc0dd\uae30\ub294 \uc0c1\uad00\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc81c\uac70\ud558\uc5ec \uc21c\uc218\ud55c Trait\uc640 State\ub97c \ubc1c\ub77c\ub0b4\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \uc2ec\ud654: \uc7a0\uc7ac \ud3c9\uade0\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \ud655\uc7a5\ub41c TSO \ubaa8\ud615<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ubd84\uc0b0(\ubcc0\ub3d9\uc131)\ub9cc \ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, <strong>&#8220;\uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\uc740\uac00?&#8221;<\/strong>\ub97c \uc54c\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4\uba74 \ud3c9\uade0 \uad6c\uc870(Mean Structure)\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1 \uc5f0\uad6c \uc9c8\ubb38\uc758 \ud655\uc7a5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ub0a8\ud559\uc0dd\uacfc \uc5ec\ud559\uc0dd \uac04\uc5d0 &#8216;\ud559\uad50 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10&#8217;\uc758 <strong>Trait \ud3c9\uade0(<math data-latex=\"E(I)\"><semantics><mrow><mi>E<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">E(I)<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc788\ub294\uac00?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud2b9\uc815 \uc2dc\uc810(\uc608: 2\ud559\ub144 1\ud559\uae30)\uc5d0 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc758 <strong>State \ud3c9\uade0(<\/strong><math data-latex=\"E(V_t)\"><semantics><mrow><mi>E<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">E(V_t)<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong>\uc774 \uae09\uaca9\ud788 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294\uac00?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.2 \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub2e4\uc9d1\ub2e8 \ubd84\uc11d(Multi-group analysis)\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc81c\uc57d \uc870\uac74\uc740 <math data-latex=\"State\"><semantics><mrow><mi>S<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">State<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \ud569\uc744 0\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ud558\uc5ec, <math data-latex=\"Trait\"><semantics><mrow><mi>T<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Trait<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0\uc774 \uc804\uccb4 \uae30\uac04\uc758 &#8216;\uadf8\ub79c\ub4dc \ud3c9\uade0(Grand Mean)&#8217;\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uacb0\uacfc \ud574\uc11d \uc608\uc2dc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>&#8220;\ubd84\uc11d \uacb0\uacfc, \uc5ec\ud559\uc0dd \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \ub0a8\ud559\uc0dd \uc9d1\ub2e8\ubcf4\ub2e4 Trait \ud3c9\uade0\uc774 \uc720\uc758\ud558\uac8c \ub192\uc558\ub2e4(<math data-latex=\"p < .05\"><semantics><mrow><mi>p<\/mi><mo>&lt;<\/mo><mn>.05<\/mn><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">p &lt; .05<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>). \uc774\ub294 \uc5ec\ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\uc74c\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74, 2\ud559\ub144 1\ud559\uae30\uc758 State \ud3c9\uade0\uc740 \ub450 \uc9d1\ub2e8 \ubaa8\ub450\uc5d0\uc11c \uc74c\uc218(-)\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 &#8216;\ud559\uc5c5 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc2a4&#8217;\ub77c\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc801 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc744 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub0ae\ucd94\uc5c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \uacb0\ub860 \ubc0f \uc81c\uc5b8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>LTS(\uc7a0\uc7ac \ud2b9\uc131-\uc0c1\ud0dc) \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \uad50\uc721\ud559 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ucc98\ub7fc \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uac00 <strong>&#8216;\ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uae30\uc9c8&#8217;<\/strong>\uacfc <strong>&#8216;\ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc&#8217;<\/strong>\uc758 \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uaddc\uba85\ud574 \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uc774 \ubaa8\ud615\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \ub54c\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uc694\uc57d:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130:<\/strong> \ucd5c\uc18c 4\uc2dc\uc810 \uc774\uc0c1, \ud45c\ubcf8 \uc218 200\uba85 \uc774\uc0c1(\uc548\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 500\uba85) \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\uc138\uc694.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubaa8\ud615:<\/strong> Kenny-Zautra(\ub2e8\ubcc0\ub7c9)\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 <strong>TSO(\ub2e4\ubcc0\ub7c9) \ubaa8\ud615<\/strong>\uc744 \uc6b0\uc120 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc138\uc694.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc624\ucc28:<\/strong> \ubc18\ubcf5 \uce21\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c <strong>\ubc29\ubc95 \ud6a8\uacfc(\uc624\ucc28 \uc0c1\uad00)<\/strong>\ub97c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ubaa8\ud615\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc138\uc694.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\uac00 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc810\uc218\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub85c\ub9cc \ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \uadf8 \uc774\uba74\uc758 <strong>\uc548\uc815\uc131(Trait)<\/strong>\uacfc <strong>\uac00\ubcc0\uc131(State)<\/strong>\uc758 \uc5ed\ub3d9\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\uac00 \ub418\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cole, D. A., &amp; Martin, N. C. (2005). The longitudinal structure of the Children&#8217;s Depression Inventory: Testing a latent trait-state model. <em>Psychological Assessment, 17<\/em>(2), 144\u2013155.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cole, D. A., Martin, N. C., &amp; Steiger, J. H. (2005). Empirical and conceptual problems with longitudinal trait-state models: Introducing a trait-state-occasion model. <em>Psychological Methods, 10<\/em>, 3\u201320.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ciesla, J. A., Cole, D. A., &amp; Steiger, J. H. (2007). Extending the trait-state-occasion model: How important is within-wave measurement equivalence? <em>Structural Equation Modeling, 14<\/em>, 77\u201397.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Herzog, C., &amp; Nesselroade, J. R. (1987). Beyond autoregressive models: Some implication of the trait-state distinction for the structural modeling of developmental change. <em>Child Development, 58<\/em>, 93\u2013109.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kenny, D. A., &amp; Zautra, A. (1995). The trait-state-error model for multiwave data. <em>Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63<\/em>, 52\u201359.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LaGrange, B., &amp; Cole, D. A. (2008). An expansion of the trait-state-occasion model: Accounting for shared method variance. <em>Structural Equation Modeling, 15<\/em>(2), 241\u2013271.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spielberger, C. D. (1966). Theory and research on anxiety. In <em>Anxiety and behavior<\/em> (pp. 23\u201362). New York: Academic Press.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694. \uc774\ubc88 \uc8fc\uc81c\ub294 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc774 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub0a8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc815\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc7a0\uc7ac \ud2b9\uc131-\uc0c1\ud0dc \ubaa8\ud615(Latent Trait-State Models, LTS)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9ce\uc740 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\uac00 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 &#8216;\ud559\uc5c5 \uc5f4\uc758&#8217;\ub098 &#8216;\uc790\uc544\ud6a8\ub2a5\uac10&#8217;\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud560 \ub54c, \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd \uace0\uc720\uc758 \uae30\uc9c8(Trait)\uc778\uc9c0, \uc544\ub2c8\uba74 \uadf8\ub0a0\uc758 \uae30\ubd84\uc774\ub098 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc(State)\uc778\uc9c0 \uace0\ubbfc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacfc\uac70\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774 \ub458\uc744 \uc774\ubd84\ubc95\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud604\ub300 \ud1b5\uacc4\ud559\uc740 \uc774 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0\uac00 <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=659\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[300],"tags":[145,199,166,301,377,378,376],"class_list":["post-659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sem","tag-jamovi","tag-r","tag-sem","tag-301","tag-377","tag-378","tag-376"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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