{"id":756,"date":"2026-01-21T18:44:55","date_gmt":"2026-01-21T09:44:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756"},"modified":"2026-01-22T00:30:09","modified_gmt":"2026-01-21T15:30:09","slug":"chap10-%ea%b0%9c%ec%b2%b4-%eb%82%b4-%ec%98%a4%ec%b0%a8-%ea%b5%ac%ec%a1%b0%ec%9d%98-%eb%8b%a4%ec%b8%b5%ec%a0%81-%eb%b6%84%ec%84%9dcomplexities-in-error-structures-within-individuals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756","title":{"rendered":"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc624\ub298\uc740 \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870(Within-Individual Error Structures)\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uacfc \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 <strong>jamovi<\/strong>\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 <strong>R<\/strong> \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \ucd94\uc801\ud560 \ub54c(\uc885\ub2e8 \uc5f0\uad6c), \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 &#8220;\ud3c9\uade0 \uc810\uc218\uac00 \uc62c\ub790\ub098?&#8221;\ub9cc \ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ubc18\ucabd\uc9dc\ub9ac \ubd84\uc11d\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\uc0dd \uac1c\uac1c\uc778\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8 \ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \ud3ed(\ubd84\uc0b0)\uc740 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c\uc9c0, \uc5b4\uc81c\uc758 \uc131\uc801\uc774 \uc624\ub298\uc758 \uc131\uc801\uc5d0 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294\uc9c0(\uc0c1\uad00)\ub97c \ud30c\uc545\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc81c\uacf5\ud574\uc8fc\uc2e0 \ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c <strong>\uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0 \uad6c\uc870(Covariance Structure)<\/strong>\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\ud560 \uac83\uc778\uac00\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ud1b5\ucc30\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc608\uc2dc: &#8220;\uc77d\uae30 \uc720\ucc3d\uc131 \uc131\uc7a5 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ud574\ub97c \ub3d5\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uac00\uc0c1\uc758 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\ub97c \uc124\uc815\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>\uc0c1\ud669:<\/strong> A \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c 3\ud559\ub144 \ud559\uc0dd 50\uba85\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c &#8216;\uc77d\uae30 \uc720\ucc3d\uc131(1\ubd84\ub2f9 \uc77d\uc740 \ub2e8\uc5b4 \uc218)&#8217;\uc744 1\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 4\ud68c(3\uc6d4, 6\uc6d4, 9\uc6d4, 12\uc6d4) \uce21\uc815\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud575\uc2ec \uc9c8\ubb38:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc77d\uae30 \uc2e4\ub825 \uaca9\ucc28(\ubd84\uc0b0)\ub294 3\uc6d4\uc774\ub098 12\uc6d4\uc774\ub098 \ub611\uac19\uc744\uae4c\uc694? (\ub4f1\ubd84\uc0b0\uc131)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3\uc6d4 \uc131\uc801\uc774 \uc88b\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc740 6\uc6d4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc88b\uc744\uae4c\uc694? 12\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 \uadf8 \uc601\ud5a5\uc774 \uac08\uae4c\uc694? (\uacc4\uc5f4 \uc0c1\uad00)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \uae30\ubcf8 \ubaa8\ub378\uacfc \uac1c\ub150 (The General Model)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub2e4\uc74c\uc758 \uc120\ud615 \ud68c\uadc0 \ubaa8\ub378\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"y = X\\beta + Zu + \\epsilon\"><semantics><mrow><mi>y<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mi>X<\/mi><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>Z<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mi>\u03f5<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">y = X\\beta + Zu + \\epsilon<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><math data-latex=\"y\"><semantics><mi>y<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">y<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>: \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc77d\uae30 \uc810\uc218 \ubca1\ud130<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"X\\beta\"><semantics><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X\\beta<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (<strong>\uace0\uc815 \ud6a8\uacfc<\/strong>): \uc804\uccb4 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc778 \uc131\uc7a5 \uace1\uc120 (\uc608: \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub0a0\uc218\ub85d \uc810\uc218\uac00 \uc624\ub978\ub2e4).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"Zu\"><semantics><mrow><mi>Z<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Zu<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (<strong>\uc784\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc<\/strong>): \ud559\uc0dd \uac1c\uc778\ubcc4 \ud2b9\uc131 (\uc608: \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud559\uc0dd\uc740 \uc2dc\uc791\ubd80\ud130 \uc798\ud558\uace0, \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud559\uc0dd\uc740 \uc131\uc7a5 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \ube60\ub974\ub2e4).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"\\epsilon\"><semantics><mi>\u03f5<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\epsilon<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> (<strong>\uc624\ucc28 \ud56d<\/strong>): \uc124\uba85\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ubcc0\ub3d9. <strong>\uc624\ub298\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uc8fc\uc81c\ub294 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 <\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\epsilon\"><semantics><mi>\u03f5<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\epsilon<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uc778 <\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\Sigma\"><semantics><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a3<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\Sigma<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>\ub97c \ud30c\ud5e4\uce58\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uc640 \uc9c4\ub2e8 (Diagnostics)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc744 \ud558\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \ub208\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc778\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <strong>\ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c \ub3c4\ud45c(Profile Plot)<\/strong>, <strong>OSM<\/strong>, <strong>PRISM<\/strong>\uc744 \ucd94\ucc9c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c \ub3c4\ud45c (Profile Plot)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud559\uc0dd \uac1c\uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5 \uada4\uc801\uc744 \uadf8\ub9b0 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ud574\uc11d:<\/strong> \uc120\ub4e4\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \uaf2c\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ub098\ub780\ud788 \uac04\ub2e4\uba74? <math data-latex=\"\\rightarrow\"><semantics><mo stretchy=\"false\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2192<\/mo><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\rightarrow<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \ud559\uc0dd \ub0b4 \uc0c1\uad00\uc774 \ub192\uc74c(\uc798\ud558\ub358 \uc560\uac00 \uacc4\uc18d \uc798\ud568).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubd84\uc0b0:<\/strong> \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uac08\uc218\ub85d \uc120\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3ed\uc774 \ub113\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4\uba74? <math data-latex=\"\\rightarrow\"><semantics><mo stretchy=\"false\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2192<\/mo><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\rightarrow<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \uc774\ubd84\uc0b0\uc131(Heterogeneity) \uc874\uc7ac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 OSM (Ordinary Scatterplot Matrix)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc2dc\uc810 \uac04\uc758 \uc0b0\uc810\ub3c4 \ud589\ub82c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ud2b9\uc9d5:<\/strong> \ub300\uac01\uc120\uc5d0\uc11c \uba40\uc5b4\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d(\uc2dc\uac04 \uaca9\ucc28\uac00 \ud074\uc218\ub85d) \uc0c1\uad00\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77d\uae30 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubcf4\ud1b5 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub0a0\uc218\ub85d(\ub300\uac01\uc120\uc5d0\uc11c \uba40\uc5b4\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d) \uc0c1\uad00\uc774 \ub0ae\uc544\uc9c0\ub294 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ubcf4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 PRISM (Partial Regression-on-Intervenors Scatterplot Matrix)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc800\uc790(Zimmerman)\uac00 \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \uace0\uae09 \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uac1c\ub150:<\/strong> <math data-latex=\"t_1\"><semantics><msub><mi>t<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t_1<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uacfc <math data-latex=\"t_3\"><semantics><msub><mi>t<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t_3<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ubcfc \ub54c, \uc911\uac04 \uc2dc\uc810\uc778 <math data-latex=\"t_2\"><semantics><msub><mi>t<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t_2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc81c\uac70\ud558\uace0(\ud1b5\uc81c\ud558\uace0) \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud574\uc11d:<\/strong> \ub9cc\uc57d <math data-latex=\"t_2\"><semantics><msub><mi>t<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t_2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub97c \ud1b5\uc81c\ud588\uc744 \ub54c <math data-latex=\"t_1\"><semantics><msub><mi>t<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t_1<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uacfc <math data-latex=\"t_3\"><semantics><msub><mi>t<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">t_3<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c4\ub2e4\uba74(\ubb34\uc791\uc704 \uc0b0\ud3ec), \uc774\ub294 <strong>&#8220;\uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ub3c5\ub9bd&#8221;<\/strong>\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uba70, <strong>Antedependence \ubaa8\ub378<\/strong>\uc774\ub098 <strong>AR(1)<\/strong> \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \uc801\ud569\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc2e0\ud638\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0 \uad6c\uc870 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1: \uc720\uc5f0\uc131 vs \uac04\uba85\uc131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud574\uc57c \ud560\uae4c\uc694? \ub108\ubb34 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud558\uba74 \ud604\uc2e4\uc744 \ubc18\uc601 \ubabb \ud558\uace0(\uacfc\uc18c\uc801\ud569), \ub108\ubb34 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\uba74 \ucd94\uc815\uc774 \uc5b4\ub835\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4(\uacfc\ub300\uc801\ud569). \uc774 \ub458 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uade0\ud615(Balance)\uc774 \ud575\uc2ec\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4 (Parsimonious)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ubcf5\ud569 \ub300\uce6d (Compound Symmetry, CS):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uac00\uc815:<\/strong> 3\uc6d4\uc758 \ubd84\uc0b0 = 12\uc6d4\uc758 \ubd84\uc0b0. 3\uc6d4-6\uc6d4 \uc0c1\uad00 = 3\uc6d4-12\uc6d4 \uc0c1\uad00. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc774 \uc77c\uc815\ud568.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uad50\uc721\uc801 \ud604\uc2e4:<\/strong> \uae00\uc384\uc694, \ubcf4\ud1b5 \uace0\ud559\ub144\uc774 \ub420\uc218\ub85d \uaca9\ucc28(\ubd84\uc0b0)\uac00 \ucee4\uc9c0\uace0, \uba3c \uc2dc\uc810 \uac04\uc758 \uc0c1\uad00\uc740 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uad6c\uc870: <math data-latex=\"\\sigma^2 \\begin{pmatrix} 1 &amp; \\rho &amp; \\rho &amp; \\rho \\\\ \\rho &amp; 1 &amp; \\rho &amp; \\rho \\\\ \\rho &amp; \\rho &amp; 1 &amp; \\rho \\\\ \\rho &amp; \\rho &amp; \\rho &amp; 1 \\end{pmatrix}\"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>\u03c3<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mrow><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">(<\/mo><mtable columnalign=\"center center center center\"><mtr><mtd style=\"padding-left:0em;\"><mn>1<\/mn><\/mtd><mtd><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd style=\"padding-right:0em;\"><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><\/mtr><mtr><mtd style=\"padding-left:0em;\"><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd><mn>1<\/mn><\/mtd><mtd><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd style=\"padding-right:0em;\"><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><\/mtr><mtr><mtd style=\"padding-left:0em;\"><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd><mn>1<\/mn><\/mtd><mtd style=\"padding-right:0em;\"><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><\/mtr><mtr><mtd style=\"padding-left:0em;\"><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><\/mtd><mtd style=\"padding-right:0em;\"><mn>1<\/mn><\/mtd><\/mtr><\/mtable><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"postfix\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\sigma^2 \\begin{pmatrix} 1 &amp; \\rho &amp; \\rho &amp; \\rho \\\\ \\rho &amp; 1 &amp; \\rho &amp; \\rho \\\\ \\rho &amp; \\rho &amp; 1 &amp; \\rho \\\\ \\rho &amp; \\rho &amp; \\rho &amp; 1 \\end{pmatrix}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1\ucc28 \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0 (AR(1)):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uac00\uc815:<\/strong> \ubc14\ub85c \uc804 \uc2dc\ud5d8 \uc131\uc801\uc774 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc5d0 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc90c. \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uba40\uc5b4\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d \uc0c1\uad00\uc774 \uc9c0\uc218\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac10\uc18c (<math data-latex=\"\\rho, \\rho^2, \\rho^3...\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><msup><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><msup><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><mn>3<\/mn><\/msup><mi>.<\/mi><mi>.<\/mi><mi>.<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\rho, \\rho^2, \\rho^3&#8230;<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uad50\uc721\uc801 \ud604\uc2e4:<\/strong> \uc131\uc7a5 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc801\ud569\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e8, \ubd84\uc0b0\uc774 \uc77c\uc815\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\ub294(Homogeneous) \ud55c\uacc4\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2 \uc911\uac04 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc758 \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4 (Heterogeneous &amp; Banded)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc774\ubd84\uc0b0 \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0 (Heterogeneous AR, ARH(1)):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>AR(1)\uacfc \uac19\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc2dc\uc810\ubcc4\ub85c \ubd84\uc0b0(\uc2dc\ud5d8 \uc810\uc218\uc758 \ud37c\uc9d0 \uc815\ub3c4)\uc774 \ub2e4\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\ub144\uc774 \uc62c\ub77c\uac08\uc218\ub85d \uc2e4\ub825 \uaca9\ucc28\uac00 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uae30 \uc88b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud1a0\ud50c\ub9ac\uce20 (Toeplitz, TOEP):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>AR(1)\ucc98\ub7fc \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub0a0\uc218\ub85d \uc0c1\uad00\uc774 \ubcc0\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8 \ud328\ud134\uc744 <math data-latex=\" \\rho^k \"><semantics><msup><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><mi>k<\/mi><\/msup><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\"> \\rho^k <\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ucc98\ub7fc \uac15\uc81c\ub85c \uc218\ud559\uc801 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub123\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \ub461\ub2c8\ub2e4(Band \uad6c\uc870). \ub354 \uc720\uc5f0\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\uac00 \ub9ce\uc544\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc720\uc5f0\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4 (Flexible)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ubb34\uad6c\uc870 (Unstructured, UN):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uac00\uc815:<\/strong> \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \uc81c\uc57d\uc774 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc2dc\uc810\uc758 \ubd84\uc0b0\uacfc \uc0c1\uad00\uc744 \uac01\uac01 \ub2e4 \ucd94\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc7a5\ub2e8\uc810:<\/strong> \uac00\uc7a5 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uce21\uc815 \uc2dc\uc810\uc774 \ub9ce\uc544\uc9c0\uba74 \ucd94\uc815\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\uac00 \uae30\ud558\uae09\uc218\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub298\uc5b4\ub098(<math data-latex=\"n(n+1)\/2\"><semantics><mrow><mi>n<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>n<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mi>\/<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">n(n+1)\/2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>) \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \ud130\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antedependence (AD) \ubc0f Structured AD (SAD) \ubaa8\ub378:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uc81c\uc548:<\/strong> 1\ucc28 \uc790\uae30\ud68c\uadc0(AR1)\ub294 \ub108\ubb34 \ub531\ub531\ud558\uace0, \ubb34\uad6c\uc870(UN)\ub294 \ub108\ubb34 \ubb34\uac81\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>AD \ubaa8\ub378:<\/strong> \uc2dc\uc810 \uac04\uc758 &#8220;\uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ub3c5\ub9bd&#8221;\uc744 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4, \ube44\uc815\uc0c1\uc131(Non-stationarity: \ubd84\uc0b0\uacfc \uc0c1\uad00\uc774 \ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uc131\uc9c8)\uc744 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ub611\ub611\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SAD \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc774\ub97c \ub354 \uad6c\uc870\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130 \uc218\ub97c <math data-latex=\"O(1)\"><semantics><mrow><mi>O<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">O(1)<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc904\uc5ec \uac04\uba85\uc131\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \ubd84\uc11d \uc2e4\uc2b5: R\uacfc jamovi \ud65c\uc6a9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \uac00\uc0c1\uc758 &#8220;\uc77d\uae30 \uc720\ucc3d\uc131 \ub370\uc774\ud130&#8221;\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0, \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc30\uc6b4 \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4\uc744 \ube44\uad50 \ubd84\uc11d\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\ucc38\uace0: jamovi\uc758 GAMLj \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc774\ub098 Linear Mixed Models\ub294 CS, AR1, UN, Toeplitz \ub4f1\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, PRISM \ub3c4\ud45c\ub098 \uace0\uae09 AD \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 R\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0 jamovi \ud65c\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \ub367\ubd99\uc774\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 R\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \ubc0f \uc2dc\uac01\ud654<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac \ub85c\ub4dc\nlibrary(MASS)\nlibrary(nlme)\nlibrary(lattice)\nlibrary(ggplot2)\n\n# --- 1. \uac00\uc0c1\uc758 \uc77d\uae30 \uc720\ucc3d\uc131 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (Backstory) ---\n# 50\uba85\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd, 4\ud68c \uce21\uc815 (t=1, 2, 3, 4)\n# \uac00\uc815: \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uac08\uc218\ub85d \ubd84\uc0b0\uc774 \ucee4\uc9c0\uace0(\uc774\ubd84\uc0b0), \uc0c1\uad00\uc740 \uba40\uc5b4\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d \ub0ae\uc544\uc9d0(AR \uad6c\uc870)\nset.seed(2024)\nN &lt;- 50\nTime &lt;- 4\nMean_Vector &lt;- c(40, 55, 65, 72) # \uc2dc\uac04\ubcc4 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc810\uc218 \uc0c1\uc2b9\nSigma &lt;- matrix(0, Time, Time)\n\n# \uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0 \ud589\ub82c \uc0dd\uc131 (ARH(1) \uad6c\uc870\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac\ud558\uac8c \uc124\uc815)\n# \ubd84\uc0b0\uc740 100, 140, 180, 220\uc73c\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\nvars &lt;- c(100, 140, 180, 220)\ncor_rho &lt;- 0.7 # 1-lag \uc0c1\uad00\uacc4\uc218\nfor(i in 1:Time){\n  for(j in 1:Time){\n    Sigma&#91;i,j] &lt;- sqrt(vars&#91;i]) * sqrt(vars&#91;j]) * (cor_rho^abs(i-j))\n  }\n}\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ndata_matrix &lt;- mvrnorm(n = N, mu = Mean_Vector, Sigma = Sigma)\ncolnames(data_matrix) &lt;- c(\"T1\", \"T2\", \"T3\", \"T4\")\ndf_wide &lt;- data.frame(ID = 1:N, data_matrix)\n\n# Long format\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658 (\ubd84\uc11d\uc6a9)\ndf_long &lt;- reshape(df_wide, direction = \"long\", varying = list(2:5), \n                   v.names = \"Score\", timevar = \"Time\", times = 1:4)\ndf_long &lt;- df_long&#91;order(df_long$ID, df_long$Time), ]\n\n# --- 2. \uc9c4\ub2e8 \uc2dc\uac01\ud654 ---\n\n# (1) \ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c \ub3c4\ud45c (Profile Plot) &#91;cite: 65]\nggplot(df_long, aes(x = Time, y = Score, group = ID)) +\n  geom_line(alpha = 0.5) +\n  geom_smooth(aes(group = 1), method = \"loess\", color = \"red\", size = 1.5) +\n  labs(title = \"\ud559\uc0dd \uc77d\uae30 \uc720\ucc3d\uc131 \ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c \ub3c4\ud45c\", subtitle = \"\uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac1c\ubcc4 \uc131\uc7a5 \uace1\uc120\") +\n  theme_minimal()\n\n# (2) OSM (Ordinary Scatterplot Matrix) \nsplom(df_wide&#91;,2:5], \n      main = \"OSM: \uc2dc\uc810 \uac04 \uc0b0\uc810\ub3c4 \ud589\ub82c\",\n      pscales = 0, varname.cex = 0.8)\n\n# (3) PRISM (\uac04\ub7b5\ud654\ub41c \uac1c\ub150\uc801 \uad6c\ud604) &#91;cite: 127]\n# T1\uacfc T3\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c T2\ub97c \ud1b5\uc81c\ud55c \ud3b8\uc0c1\uad00\uc744 \uc2dc\uac01\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc778\nres_T1_T2 &lt;- residuals(lm(T1 ~ T2, data = df_wide))\nres_T3_T2 &lt;- residuals(lm(T3 ~ T2, data = df_wide))\nplot(res_T1_T2, res_T3_T2, \n     main = \"PRISM \uc608\uc2dc (T1 vs T3 | T2)\", \n     xlab = \"T1 | T2 residuals\", ylab = \"T3 | T2 residuals\")\nabline(lm(res_T3_T2 ~ res_T1_T2), col=\"blue\")\n# \uc124\uba85: \uc774 \uc810\ub4e4\uc774 \ubb34\uc791\uc704\ub85c \ud37c\uc838\uc788\uc73c\uba74(\uae30\uc6b8\uae30\uac00 0\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b0\uba74) \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ub3c5\ub9bd -&gt; AD \ubaa8\ub378 \uc801\ud569\n\n# --- 3. \ubaa8\ub378 \uc801\ud569 \ubc0f \ube44\uad50 (gls \ud568\uc218 \uc0ac\uc6a9) ---\n\n# Model 1: \ubcf5\ud569 \ub300\uce6d (Compound Symmetry) - \ub108\ubb34 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud568 &#91;cite: 232]\nfit_cs &lt;- gls(Score ~ factor(Time), data = df_long,\n              correlation = corCompSymm(form = ~ 1 | ID))\n\n# Model 2: AR(1) - \ub4f1\ubd84\uc0b0 \uac00\uc815 &#91;cite: 250]\nfit_ar1 &lt;- gls(Score ~ factor(Time), data = df_long,\n               correlation = corAR1(form = ~ 1 | ID))\n\n# Model 3: Unstructured (\ubb34\uad6c\uc870) - \uac00\uc7a5 \uc720\uc5f0\ud568 &#91;cite: 498]\nfit_un &lt;- gls(Score ~ factor(Time), data = df_long,\n              correlation = corSymm(form = ~ 1 | ID),\n              weights = varIdent(form = ~ 1 | Time)) # \uc774\ubd84\uc0b0 \ud5c8\uc6a9\n\n# Model 4: ARH(1) (\uc774\ubd84\uc0b0 AR1) - \ud604\uc2e4\uc801 \ub300\uc548 \nfit_arh1 &lt;- gls(Score ~ factor(Time), data = df_long,\n                correlation = corAR1(form = ~ 1 | ID),\n                weights = varIdent(form = ~ 1 | Time))\n\n# --- 4. \ubaa8\ub378 \uc120\ud0dd (AIC\/BIC \ube44\uad50) &#91;cite: 47, 55] ---\nanova(fit_cs, fit_ar1, fit_un, fit_arh1)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-bcaec068-1bbf-4c14-8793-56aee094885a\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chap10.csv\">chap10<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chap10.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-bcaec068-1bbf-4c14-8793-56aee094885a\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"821\" height=\"765\" src=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-760\" srcset=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1.png 821w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1-300x280.png 300w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1-768x716.png 768w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1-624x581.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 821px) 100vw, 821px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"821\" height=\"765\" src=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-761\" srcset=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-2.png 821w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-2-300x280.png 300w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-2-768x716.png 768w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-2-624x581.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 821px) 100vw, 821px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"821\" height=\"765\" src=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-762\" srcset=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-3.png 821w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-3-300x280.png 300w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-3-768x716.png 768w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-3-624x581.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 821px) 100vw, 821px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubd84\uc11d \uc808\ucc28<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <strong>[Linear Mixed Models]<\/strong> \uba54\ub274\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\ub7ec\uc624\uae30:<\/strong> \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c csv\ub85c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uc5ec jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5fd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubd84\uc11d \uc124\uc815:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>Dependent Variable<\/code>: Score<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Covariates<\/code>: Time (\ub610\ub294 Factors\ub85c \uc124\uc815)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Cluster<\/code>: ID<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Random Effects &amp; Covariance Structure:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>jamovi \uc635\uc158 \uc911 <strong>Residual Covariance<\/strong> (\ud639\uc740 Random Effect\uc758 \uc0c1\uad00 \uad6c\uc870) \uc124\uc815 \ud0ed\uc744 \ucc3e\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <code>Unstructured<\/code>, <code>AR(1)<\/code>, <code>Compound Symmetry<\/code> \ub4f1\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubaa8\ub378 \ube44\uad50:<\/strong> \uac01 \ubaa8\ub378\ubcc4\ub85c AIC\/BIC \uac12\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec \uac00\uc7a5 \uc791\uc740 \uac12\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. (\ubcf4\ud1b5 \uad50\uc721 \uc131\uc7a5 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 ARH(1)\uc774\ub098 Unstructured\uac00 \uc798 \ub098\uc635\ub2c8\ub2e4).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \uacb0\ub860 \ubc0f \uc81c\uc5b8 (Conclusions)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \uc7a5\uc758 \uc800\uc790\ub4e4(N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Ant\u00f3n &amp; Zimmerman)\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uacb0\ub860\uc9d3\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ud3c9\uade0\uacfc \uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \ubcf4\ub77c:<\/strong> \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc778 \uc131\uc7a5\ub9cc \ubcf4\uc9c0 \ub9d0\uace0, \uc624\ucc28\uc758 \uad6c\uc870(\ubcc0\ub3d9\uc131, \uc0c1\uad00\uc131)\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\ud574\uc57c \uc815\ud655\ud55c \ucd94\ub860\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uade0\ud615\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\ub77c:<\/strong> \ubb34\uc870\uac74 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378(Unstructured)\uc774 \uc88b\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131(\ube44\uc815\uc0c1\uc131, \uacc4\uc5f4 \uc0c1\uad00 \ub4f1)\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud558\ub418, \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud55c \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130 \uc218\uac00 \uc801\uc740 \ubaa8\ub378(\uc608: Structured Antedependence \ub4f1)\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ucd5c\uc120\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc2dc\uac01\ud654\ub97c \ubbff\uc5b4\ub77c:<\/strong> \ud1b5\uacc4 \uc218\uce58(AIC\/BIC)\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c \ub3c4\ud45c\uc640 PRISM \ub4f1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc2e4\uc81c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ub208\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc9c4\ub2e8 \ub3c4\uad6c\uac00 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">[User\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ub2e4\uc74c \ub2e8\uacc4]<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc704\uc758 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ubcf5\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec RStudio\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e4\ud589\ud574 \ubcf4\uc2dc\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\uae4c? \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \uadf8\ub798\ud504(\ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c \ub3c4\ud45c, PRISM)\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubc29\uae08 \uc124\uba85\ud55c &#8220;\uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ub3c5\ub9bd&#8221; \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \uc2dc\uac01\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294\uc9c0 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud655\uc778\ud574 \ubcf4\uc2dc\uba74 \uc774\ud574\uac00 \ud6e8\uc52c \ube60\ub97c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc (References)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at the statistical model identification. <em>IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 19<\/em>, 716-723.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diggle, P. J., Heagerty, P. J., Liang, K.-Y., &amp; Zeger, S. L. (2002). <em>Analysis of longitudinal data<\/em> (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gabriel, K. R. (1962). Ante-dependence analysis of an ordered set of variables. <em>Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 33<\/em>, 201-212.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Goldstein, H. (2003). <em>Multilevel statistical model<\/em> (3rd ed.). Arnold.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kenward, M. G. (1987). A method for comparing profiles of repeated measurements. <em>Applied Statistics, 36<\/em>, 296-308.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Laird, N. M., &amp; Ware, J. H. (1982). Random-effects models for longitudinal data. <em>Biometrics, 38<\/em>, 963-974.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Ant\u00f3n, V., &amp; Zimmerman, D. L. (2001). Parametric modeling of growth curve data: An overview (with discussion). <em>Test, 10<\/em>, 1-73.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zimmerman, D. L. (2000). Viewing the correlation structure in longitudinal data through a PRISM. <em>The American Statistician, 54<\/em>, 310-318.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zimmerman, D. L., &amp; N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Ant\u00f3n, V. (2010). <em>Antedependence models for longitudinal data<\/em>. Chapman &amp; Hall\/CRC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc624\ub298\uc740 \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870(Within-Individual Error Structures)\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uacfc \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \ucd94\uc801\ud560 \ub54c(\uc885\ub2e8 \uc5f0\uad6c), \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 &#8220;\ud3c9\uade0 <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[399],"tags":[145,199,430,400],"class_list":["post-756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-multilevel","tag-jamovi","tag-r","tag-430","tag-400"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals) - WaurimaL<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals) - WaurimaL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc624\ub298\uc740 \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870(Within-Individual Error Structures)\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uacfc \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \ucd94\uc801\ud560 \ub54c(\uc885\ub2e8 \uc5f0\uad6c), \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 &#8220;\ud3c9\uade0 Read more\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WaurimaL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-01-21T09:44:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-21T15:30:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\uae00\uc4f4\uc774\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\uc608\uc0c1 \ub418\ub294 \ud310\ub3c5 \uc2dc\uac04\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7\ubd84\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e761145380f742e758f3c58f1607b704\"},\"headline\":\"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals)\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-21T09:44:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-21T15:30:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756\"},\"wordCount\":353,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/FIG10-1.png\",\"keywords\":[\"jamovi\",\"r\",\"\uac1c\uccb4\ub0b4\uc624\ucc28\uad6c\uc870\",\"\ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d\"],\"articleSection\":[\"\ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756\",\"name\":\"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals) - WaurimaL\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/FIG10-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-21T09:44:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-21T15:30:09+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e761145380f742e758f3c58f1607b704\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/FIG10-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/FIG10-1.png\",\"width\":821,\"height\":765},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?p=756#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/\",\"name\":\"WaurimaL\",\"description\":\"Educational Measurement &amp; Psychometrics\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e761145380f742e758f3c58f1607b704\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/03ee7b81ff819426120ea367438dcf87383d9de82e834db0cfd335a41108ebc6?s=96&d=robohash&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/03ee7b81ff819426120ea367438dcf87383d9de82e834db0cfd335a41108ebc6?s=96&d=robohash&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/03ee7b81ff819426120ea367438dcf87383d9de82e834db0cfd335a41108ebc6?s=96&d=robohash&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\"],\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/waurimal.kr\\\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals) - WaurimaL","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756","og_locale":"ko_KR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals) - WaurimaL","og_description":"\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc624\ub298\uc740 \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870(Within-Individual Error Structures)\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uacfc \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \ucd94\uc801\ud560 \ub54c(\uc885\ub2e8 \uc5f0\uad6c), \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 &#8220;\ud3c9\uade0 Read more","og_url":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756","og_site_name":"WaurimaL","article_published_time":"2026-01-21T09:44:55+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-01-21T15:30:09+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\uae00\uc4f4\uc774":"admin","\uc608\uc0c1 \ub418\ub294 \ud310\ub3c5 \uc2dc\uac04":"7\ubd84"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/waurimal.kr\/#\/schema\/person\/e761145380f742e758f3c58f1607b704"},"headline":"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals)","datePublished":"2026-01-21T09:44:55+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-21T15:30:09+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756"},"wordCount":353,"image":{"@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1.png","keywords":["jamovi","r","\uac1c\uccb4\ub0b4\uc624\ucc28\uad6c\uc870","\ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d"],"articleSection":["\ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d"],"inLanguage":"ko-KR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756","url":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756","name":"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals) - WaurimaL","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/waurimal.kr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1.png","datePublished":"2026-01-21T09:44:55+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-21T15:30:09+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/waurimal.kr\/#\/schema\/person\/e761145380f742e758f3c58f1607b704"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ko-KR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ko-KR","@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756#primaryimage","url":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1.png","contentUrl":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/FIG10-1.png","width":821,"height":765},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=756#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/waurimal.kr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Chap10. \uac1c\uccb4 \ub0b4 \uc624\ucc28 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Complexities in Error Structures Within Individuals)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/waurimal.kr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/waurimal.kr\/","name":"WaurimaL","description":"Educational Measurement &amp; Psychometrics","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ko-KR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/waurimal.kr\/#\/schema\/person\/e761145380f742e758f3c58f1607b704","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ko-KR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/03ee7b81ff819426120ea367438dcf87383d9de82e834db0cfd335a41108ebc6?s=96&d=robohash&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/03ee7b81ff819426120ea367438dcf87383d9de82e834db0cfd335a41108ebc6?s=96&d=robohash&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/03ee7b81ff819426120ea367438dcf87383d9de82e834db0cfd335a41108ebc6?s=96&d=robohash&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/waurimal.kr"],"url":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?author=1"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=756"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":763,"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756\/revisions\/763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}