{"id":897,"date":"2026-02-17T19:19:23","date_gmt":"2026-02-17T10:19:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=897"},"modified":"2026-02-17T19:19:25","modified_gmt":"2026-02-17T10:19:25","slug":"chap23-%ea%b2%b0%ec%b8%a1%ec%b9%98missing-data-%eb%8f%84%eb%a7%9d%ea%b0%84-%eb%8d%b0%ec%9d%b4%ed%84%b0-%ec%9e%a1%ec%9c%bc%eb%9f%ac-%ea%b0%80%ea%b8%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=897","title":{"rendered":"Chap23. \uacb0\uce21\uce58(Missing Data): \ub3c4\ub9dd\uac04 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc7a1\uc73c\ub7ec \uac00\uae30"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc624\ub298\uc740 <strong>\uacb0\uce21\uce58(Missing Data)\uc758 \ucc98\ub9ac\uc640 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 <strong>jamovi<\/strong>\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 <strong>R \ucf54\ub4dc<\/strong>\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-19\">\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc885\ub2e8 \uc5f0\uad6c(\uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud750\ub984\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubcc0\ud654 \uad00\ucc30)\ub97c \ud558\ub2e4 \ubcf4\uba74 \ud544\uc5f0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c <strong>\uacb0\uce21\uce58(Missing Data)<\/strong>\ub97c \ub9c8\uc8fc\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc804\ud559\uc744 \uac00\uac70\ub098, \uc544\ud30c\uc11c \uacb0\uc11d\ud558\uac70\ub098, \ud639\uc740 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc774 \ub108\ubb34 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc \ubc31\uc9c0\ub97c \ub0b4\uace0 \ub3c4\ub9dd\uac00\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc774\uc8e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-20\">\uacfc\uac70\uc5d0\ub294 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \uc131\ub2a5\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uacb0\uce21\uce58\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud3c9\uade0\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ucda9 \ucc44\uc6cc \ub123\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc37c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\uc81c\ub294 <strong>EM \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998<\/strong>\uc774\ub098 <strong>\ub2e4\uc911 \ub300\uccb4(Multiple Imputation)<\/strong>, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 <strong>\ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(Mixed Models)<\/strong>\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub354 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \ucd94\ub860\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud574\uc84c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \uac15\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac00\uc0c1\uc758 <strong>&#8220;\uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825 \ud5a5\uc0c1 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8&#8221;<\/strong> \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uacb0\uce21\uce58\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub2e4\ub904\uc57c \ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624: &#8220;\ucc45\ubc8c\ub808 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uae30 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 <strong>S \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uad50 3\ud559\ub144 \ud559\uc0dd 100\uba85<\/strong>\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c 4\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 &#8216;\uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825 \ud5a5\uc0c1 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8&#8217;\uc744 \uc9c4\ud589\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uce21\uc815 \uc2dc\uc810:<\/strong> 0\uac1c\uc6d4(\uc0ac\uc804), 1\uac1c\uc6d4, 2\uac1c\uc6d4, 3\uac1c\uc6d4 (\ucd1d 4\ud68c)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubb38\uc81c \uc0c1\ud669:<\/strong> \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub0a0\uc218\ub85d \uc77d\uae30 \uc810\uc218\uac00 \ub0ae\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \ud765\ubbf8\ub97c \uc783\uace0 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. (\uc989, \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ube60\uc9c0\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud568)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uba3c\uc800 \uacb0\uce21\uc758 \uc885\ub958(\uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998)\ub97c \uc54c\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-21\">1.1 \uacb0\uce21 \uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998\uc758 \uc774\ud574 (\uae30\ucd08 \uac1c\ub150) <sup><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774 \ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd\uc5d0\uac8c \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub4ef \uc544\uc8fc \uc27d\uac8c \ud480\uc5b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MCAR (Missing Completely At Random, \uc644\uc804 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \uacb0\uce21):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\uc608\uc2dc:<\/em> \uae09\uc2dd\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uac00\ub2e4\uac00 \ub118\uc5b4\uc838\uc11c \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc9c0\ub97c \uc783\uc5b4\ubc84\ub9b0 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc77d\uae30 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774\ub098 \uc131\uaca9\uacfc\ub294 \uc544\ubb34 \uc0c1\uad00 \uc5c6\uc774, \uc21c\uc804\ud788 \uc6b4 \ub098\uc058\uac8c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c4 \uac83\uc774\uc8e0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\ud2b9\uc9d5:<\/em> \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud574\ub3c4 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \uc65c\uace1\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4(\ub2e8\uc9c0 \ud45c\ubcf8 \uc218\uac00 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \ubfd0).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MAR (Missing At Random, \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \uacb0\uce21):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\uc608\uc2dc:<\/em> <strong>&#8220;\uc9c0\ub09c\ub2ec \uc810\uc218&#8221;<\/strong>\uac00 \ub0ae\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc774\ubc88 \ub2ec\uc5d0 \uacb0\uc11d\ud560 \ud655\ub960\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\ud575\uc2ec:<\/em> \uacb0\uce21\ub41c \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 <strong>\uad00\uce21\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130(\uc9c0\ub09c\ub2ec \uc810\uc218)<\/strong>\ub85c \uc124\uba85\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc774\ubbf8 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4\ub85c &#8220;\uc544, \uc7e4\ub294 \uc9c0\ub09c\ubc88\uc5d0 \ubabb \ubd10\uc11c \uc548 \uc654\uad6c\ub098&#8221;\ub77c\uace0 \ucd94\uce21\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 MAR\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \uc774 \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\uc8fc \uac15\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MNAR (Missing Not At Random, \ube44\ubb34\uc791\uc704 \uacb0\uce21):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\uc608\uc2dc:<\/em> \uc624\ub298 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc774 \ub108\ubb34 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc\uc11c, \ud639\uc740 \uc624\ub298 \uae30\ubd84\uc774 \ub108\ubb34 \uc6b0\uc6b8\ud574\uc11c \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc744 \uc548 \ubcf8 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\ud575\uc2ec:<\/em> \uacb0\uce21\ub41c \uc774\uc720\uac00 <strong>\uce21\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac12(\uc624\ub298\uc758 \uc6b0\uc6b8\uac10, \uc624\ub298\uc758 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc2e4\ub825)<\/strong> \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac74 \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uac00\uc7a5 \uae4c\ub2e4\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \ubd84\uc11d \uc900\ube44: \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (R &amp; jamovi)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc790, \uc774\uc81c R\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574 <strong>MAR(\uc9c0\ub09c\ub2ec \uc810\uc218\uac00 \ub0ae\uc73c\uba74 \uacb0\uce21 \ubc1c\uc0dd)<\/strong> \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uac00\uc815\ud55c \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">[R Code] \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># ==============================================================================\n# 1. \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac \ub85c\ub4dc \ubc0f \ud658\uacbd \uc124\uc815\n# ==============================================================================\n# \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 install.packages(\"lme4\") \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uce58\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\nif(!require(lme4)) install.packages(\"lme4\")\nif(!require(ggplot2)) install.packages(\"ggplot2\")\nif(!require(dplyr)) install.packages(\"dplyr\")\nif(!require(tidyr)) install.packages(\"tidyr\")\n\nlibrary(lme4)\nlibrary(ggplot2)\nlibrary(dplyr)\nlibrary(tidyr)\n\nset.seed(123) # \uc7ac\ud604\uc131\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uc2dc\ub4dc \uace0\uc815\n\n# ==============================================================================\n# 2. \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (Truth)\n# ==============================================================================\nn_subjects &lt;- 200      # \ud559\uc0dd \uc218 (\ud45c\ubcf8\uc744 \uc880 \ub298\ub824\uc11c \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568)\nn_timepoints &lt;- 4      # \uc2dc\uc810 \uc218 (0, 1, 2, 3\uac1c\uc6d4)\ntime &lt;- 0:3\nsigma_error &lt;- 2       # \uc624\ucc28\uc758 \ud45c\uc900\ud3b8\ucc28\n\n# \uac1c\uc778\ubcc4 \uc131\uc7a5 \uace1\uc120 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130 (Random Effects)\n# \uc808\ud3b8 \ud3c9\uade0 50, \ud45c\uc900\ud3b8\ucc28 5 \/ \uae30\uc6b8\uae30 \ud3c9\uade0 5, \ud45c\uc900\ud3b8\ucc28 2\nintercepts &lt;- rnorm(n_subjects, 50, 5)\nslopes &lt;- rnorm(n_subjects, 5, 2)\n\ndata_long &lt;- data.frame()\n\nfor(i in 1:n_subjects){\n  # \uc9c4\uc810\uc218(True Score)\n  y_true &lt;- intercepts&#91;i] + slopes&#91;i] * time\n  # \uad00\uce21\uac12(Observed Score) = \uc9c4\uc810\uc218 + \uc624\ucc28\n  y_obs &lt;- y_true + rnorm(n_timepoints, 0, sigma_error)\n  \n  subject_data &lt;- data.frame(\n    ID = as.factor(i),\n    Time = time,\n    Score = y_obs,\n    True_Score = y_true # \ube44\uad50\uc6a9 \uc9c4\uc810\uc218\n  )\n  data_long &lt;- rbind(data_long, subject_data)\n}\n\n# ==============================================================================\n# 3. \uacb0\uce21\uce58(MAR) \uc0dd\uc131\n# ==============================================================================\n# \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624: \uc9c1\uc804 \uc2dc\uc810 \uc810\uc218\uac00 \ub0ae\uc73c\uba74, \uadf8 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc2dc\uc810\ubd80\ud130 80% \ud655\ub960\ub85c \uc911\ub3c4 \ud0c8\ub77d\ndata_missing &lt;- data_long\ndata_missing$Missing &lt;- FALSE\n\nfor(i in unique(data_missing$ID)){\n  subj_rows &lt;- which(data_missing$ID == i)\n  \n  # Time 1\ubd80\ud130 3\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc21c\ucc28\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc778 (Time 0\uc740 \uacb0\uce21 \uc5c6\uc74c \uac00\uc815)\n  for(t in 2:4){ \n    # \uc9c1\uc804 \uc2dc\uc810(t-1)\uc758 \uc810\uc218 \ud655\uc778\n    prev_score &lt;- data_missing$Score&#91;subj_rows&#91;t-1]]\n    \n    # \uc9c1\uc804 \uc810\uc218\uac00 48\uc810 \ubbf8\ub9cc(\ud558\uc704\uad8c)\uc774\uba74 80% \ud655\ub960\ub85c \ud0c8\ub77d \ubc1c\uc0dd\n    if(!is.na(prev_score) &amp;&amp; prev_score &lt; 48){\n      if(runif(1) &lt; 0.8){\n        # \ud604\uc7ac \uc2dc\uc810\ubd80\ud130 \ub05d\uae4c\uc9c0 NA \ucc98\ub9ac (Monotone Dropout)\n        data_missing$Score&#91;subj_rows&#91;t:4]] &lt;- NA\n        data_missing$Missing&#91;subj_rows&#91;t:4]] &lt;- TRUE\n        break \n      }\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n# \uc804\uccb4 \uacb0\uce21\ub960 \ud655\uc778\ncat(\"\ucd1d \uacb0\uce21 \ube44\uc728:\", mean(is.na(data_missing$Score)), \"\\n\")\n\n# ==============================================================================\n# 4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b \uc900\ube44\n# ==============================================================================\n\n# &#91;Case 1] True CC (Listwise Deletion)\n# \uacb0\uce21\uce58\uac00 \ud558\ub098\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc788\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\uc740 \ud1b5\uc9f8\ub85c \uc81c\uac70\nvalid_ids &lt;- data_missing %>%\n  group_by(ID) %>%\n  filter(sum(is.na(Score)) == 0) %>%\n  pull(ID) %>%\n  unique()\n\ndata_cc_true &lt;- data_missing %>% filter(ID %in% valid_ids)\ncat(\"CC \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \ud559\uc0dd \uc218:\", length(unique(data_cc_true$ID)), \"\/\", n_subjects, \"\\n\")\n\n\n# &#91;Case 2] MM (Available Case)\n# \uacb0\uce21\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9 (data_missing \uc6d0\ubcf8 \uc0ac\uc6a9)\n\n# CSV\ub85c \uc800\uc7a5 (jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd88\ub7ec\uc624\uae30 \uc704\ud568)\nwrite.csv(data_missing, \"chap23.csv\", row.names = FALSE)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-611bdc19-8178-43db-a3de-4af75293d7ce\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chap23.csv\">chap23<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chap23.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-611bdc19-8178-43db-a3de-4af75293d7ce\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uc0c1\ud669 \uc124\uba85:<\/strong> \uc6d0\ub798\ub300\ub85c\ub77c\uba74 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc131\uc801\uc774 \uc62c\ub790\uc5b4\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4(\uae30\uc6b8\uae30 5). \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc131\uc801\uc774 \ub0ae\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uac04\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub9cc\ub450\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4(MAR). \uc774\uc81c \uc774 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ubd84\uc11d\ud574 \ubd05\uc2dc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95\ub4e4: \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\uc758 \ud568\uc815<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-24\">\ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95(Simple Methods)\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc704\ud5d8\ud55c\uc9c0 \uacbd\uace0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \uc644\uc804 \uc0ac\ub840 \ubd84\uc11d (Complete Case Analysis, CC)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ubc29\ubc95:<\/strong> \uacb0\uce21\uce58\uac00 \ud558\ub098\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc788\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\uc740 \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0\uc11c <strong>\ubabd\ub545 \uc81c\uc678<\/strong>\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubb38\uc81c\uc810:<\/strong> \uc131\uc801\uc774 \ub0ae\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \uc8fc\ub85c \ube60\uc84c\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ub05d\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub0a8\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 &#8220;\uc6b0\ub4f1\uc0dd&#8221;\ub4e4\ubfd0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 <strong>\uacfc\ub300\ud3c9\uac00(Bias)<\/strong> \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud45c\ubcf8 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801 \uac80\uc815\ub825\ub3c4 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \uad00\uce21\uac12 \uc774\uc6d4 (Last Observation Carried Forward, LOCF)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ubc29\ubc95:<\/strong> 1\uac1c\uc6d4 \ucc28\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub9cc\ub454 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc810\uc218\ub97c 2, 3\uac1c\uc6d4 \ucc28\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub611\uac19\uc774 \ubcf5\uc0ac\ud574 \ub123\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubb38\uc81c\uc810:<\/strong> &#8220;\ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc740 \uba48\ucdc4\ub2e4&#8221;\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc131\uc7a5 \uace1\uc120 \ubaa8\ud615\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774 \ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \uc131\uc7a5\uc758 \uae30\uc6b8\uae30\ub97c <strong>\uacfc\uc18c\ud3c9\uac00<\/strong>\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uac70\ub098, \uc624\ucc28\uc758 \ubd84\uc0b0\uc744 \uc65c\uace1\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\uc8fc \ubcf4\uc218\uc801\uc778(\ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub294) \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub0b4\ub294 \uac83 \uac19\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c\ub294 \uc5c9\ub6b1\ud55c \uacb0\ub860\uc744 \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc704\ud5d8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95: MAR \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc758 \uc811\uadfc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc6b0\ub3c4 \ubd84\uc11d (Direct Likelihood) \/ \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615 (Mixed Models)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-29\">\uc774 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc5b5\uc9c0\ub85c \ucc44\uc6cc \ub123\uac70\ub098 \uc9c0\uc6b0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, <strong>\uc788\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c(observed data)<\/strong> \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(Linear Mixed Model)\uc740 \uacb0\uce21\uc774 \ubb34\uc791\uc704(MAR)\ub85c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\ub2e4\uba74, \uad00\uce21\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc640 \ubcc0\uc218 \uac04\uc758 \uc0c1\uad00\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud574 \ud3b8\ud5a5\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ucd94\uc815\uce58\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">[jamovi \uc2e4\uc2b5 \uac00\uc774\ub4dc] \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615 \ubd84\uc11d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\ub7ec\uc624\uae30:<\/strong> \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c <code>reading_program_MAR.csv<\/code>\ub97c \uc5fd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubd84\uc11d \uba54\ub274:<\/strong> <code>Analyses<\/code> > <code>Linear Models<\/code> > <code>Mixed Models<\/code>\ub97c \uc120\ud0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubcc0\uc218 \uc124\uc815:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dependent Variable (\uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218):<\/strong> <code>Score<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Covariates (\uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9):<\/strong> <code>Time<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cluster (\uad70\uc9d1 \ubcc0\uc218):<\/strong> <code>ID<\/code> (\ud559\uc0dd \uac1c\uc778)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Random Effects (\ubb34\uc120 \ud6a8\uacfc):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>Time<\/code>\uacfc <code>Intercept<\/code>\ub97c Random Coefficients\uc5d0 \ub123\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. (\ud559\uc0dd\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ucd08\uae30\uce58\uc640 \uc131\uc7a5 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \ub2e4\ub974\ubbc0\ub85c)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uacb0\uacfc \ud574\uc11d:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>jamovi\ub294 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc73c\ub85c <code>lme4<\/code> \ub610\ub294 <code>nlme<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uacb0\uce21\uce58\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 <strong>REML(\uc81c\ud55c\ub41c \ucd5c\ub300\uc6b0\ub3c4)<\/strong> \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>[R Code \ube44\uad50]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># ==============================================================================\n# 5. \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615 \uc801\ud569 (Model Fitting)\n# ==============================================================================\n\n# 1) Truth (\uacb0\uce21 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc6d0\ubcf8 \ub370\uc774\ud130 - \uae30\uc900\uc810)\nfit_truth &lt;- lmer(Score ~ Time + (Time | ID), data = data_long)\n\n# 2) True CC (\ud3b8\ud5a5\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130)\nfit_cc_true &lt;- lmer(Score ~ Time + (Time | ID), data = data_cc_true)\n\n# 3) MM (\uacb0\uce21 \uc788\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 + \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615)\nfit_mm &lt;- lmer(Score ~ Time + (Time | ID), data = data_missing)\n\n\n# ==============================================================================\n# 6. \uacb0\uacfc \ube44\uad50 \ubc0f \ucd9c\ub825\n# ==============================================================================\n\n# \uace0\uc815 \ud6a8\uacfc(Fixed Effects) \ucd94\ucd9c \ud568\uc218\nget_fixed &lt;- function(model, name) {\n  coefs &lt;- fixef(model)\n  data.frame(\n    Model = name,\n    Intercept = coefs&#91;\"(Intercept)\"],\n    Slope = coefs&#91;\"Time\"]\n  )\n}\n\nres_truth &lt;- get_fixed(fit_truth, \"1. Truth (\uae30\uc900)\")\nres_cc &lt;- get_fixed(fit_cc_true, \"2. True CC (\ud3b8\ud5a5)\")\nres_mm &lt;- get_fixed(fit_mm, \"3. MM (\ubcf4\uc815)\")\n\n# \uacb0\uacfc \ud569\uce58\uae30\nresults &lt;- rbind(res_truth, res_cc, res_mm)\nrownames(results) &lt;- NULL\n\nprint(\"===== &#91;\ubaa8\ud615\ubcc4 \uace0\uc815 \ud6a8\uacfc(Fixed Effects) \ucd94\uc815\uce58 \ube44\uad50] =====\")\nprint(results)\ncat(\"\\n* \uc124\uba85: Truth\uc758 Slope(\uc57d 5.0)\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b8\uc218\ub85d \uc88b\uc740 \ubd84\uc11d\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\\n\")\ncat(\"* True CC\ub294 \ud558\uc704\uad8c \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc81c\uac70\ub418\uc5b4 Slope\uac00 \uacfc\ub300\ud3c9\uac00\ub420 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\\n\")\n\n\n# ==============================================================================\n# 7. \uc2dc\uac01\ud654 (Visualization)\n# ==============================================================================\n\n# \uc608\uce21\ub41c \ud68c\uadc0\uc120 \uc0dd\uc131\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130\npred_data &lt;- data.frame(Time = seq(0, 3, 0.1))\n\n# \uac01 \ubaa8\ud615\uc758 \uc608\uce21\uac12 \uacc4\uc0b0 (Fixed Effect\ub9cc \uc0ac\uc6a9)\npred_data$Truth &lt;- fixef(fit_truth)&#91;1] + fixef(fit_truth)&#91;2] * pred_data$Time\npred_data$CC    &lt;- fixef(fit_cc_true)&#91;1] + fixef(fit_cc_true)&#91;2] * pred_data$Time\npred_data$MM    &lt;- fixef(fit_mm)&#91;1] + fixef(fit_mm)&#91;2] * pred_data$Time\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uae34 \ud615\ud0dc(Long Format)\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658 (ggplot\uc6a9)\nplot_data &lt;- pred_data %>%\n  pivot_longer(cols = c(\"Truth\", \"CC\", \"MM\"), names_to = \"Model\", values_to = \"Score\")\n\n# \uadf8\ub798\ud504 \uadf8\ub9ac\uae30\nggplot(plot_data, aes(x = Time, y = Score, color = Model, linetype = Model)) +\n  geom_line(size = 1.2) +\n  scale_color_manual(values = c(\"Truth\" = \"black\", \"CC\" = \"red\", \"MM\" = \"blue\")) +\n  scale_linetype_manual(values = c(\"Truth\" = \"solid\", \"CC\" = \"dashed\", \"MM\" = \"dotdash\")) +\n  labs(title = \"\ubaa8\ud615\ubcc4 \uc131\uc7a5 \uace1\uc120 \ube44\uad50\",\n       subtitle = \"\uac80\uc815(Truth) vs \ube68\uac15(CC: \uacfc\ub300\ucd94\uc815) vs \ud30c\ub791(MM: MAR \ubcf4\uc815)\",\n       y = \"Reading Score\", x = \"Time (Months)\") +\n  theme_minimal() +\n  theme(legend.position = \"bottom\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"869\" height=\"468\" src=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG23-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-899\" srcset=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG23-1.png 869w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG23-1-300x162.png 300w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG23-1-768x414.png 768w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG23-1-624x336.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uacb0\uacfc \ube44\uad50 \uc2dc\uc0ac\uc810:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc9c4\uc9dc \uac12(True):<\/strong> \uae30\uc6b8\uae30(Time) \u2248 <strong>5.0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc644\uc804 \uc0ac\ub840(CC):<\/strong> \ub0ae\uc740 \uc810\uc218 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ube60\uc838\uc11c \ub0a8\uc740 \uc6b0\ub4f1\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \uac00\ud30c\ub978 \uc131\uc7a5\ub9cc \ubc18\uc601\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c(\ud639\uc740 \uc911\ub3c4 \ud0c8\ub77d\uc790\uac00 \uc131\uc7a5\uc138\uac00 \uaebe\uc778 \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc774\ub77c\uba74 \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uacfc\ub300 \ucd94\uc815). \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc \ubcf4\ud1b5 \ud3b8\ud5a5\ub428. <br>* <strong>\ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(MM):<\/strong> \uacb0\uce21\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uae30\uc6b8\uae30\uac00 <strong>5.0<\/strong>\uc5d0 \uac00\uae5d\uac8c \ubcf5\uc6d0\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc758 \ud798\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2 \ub2e4\uc911 \ub300\uccb4 (Multiple Imputation, MI)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-32\">\uacb0\uce21\uce58\ub97c \ud55c \ubc88\ub9cc \ucc44\uc6b0\ub294 \uac8c \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, <strong>M\ubc88(\ubcf4\ud1b5 5~10\ubc88)<\/strong> \ucc44\uc6cc\uc11c M\uac1c\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Imputation:<\/strong> \uadf8\ub7f4\ub4ef\ud55c \uac12\ub4e4\ub85c \ube48\uce78\uc744 \ucc44\uc6c1\ub2c8\ub2e4(\ubd88\ud655\uc2e4\uc131 \ubc18\uc601).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Analysis:<\/strong> M\uac1c\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc744 \uac01\uac01 \ubd84\uc11d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pooling:<\/strong> M\uac1c\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ud558\ub098\ub85c \ud569\uce69\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-34\">jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uae30\ubcf8 \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc5d0\uc11c MI\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ud30c\uc774\ud504\ub77c\uc778\uc774 \uc57d\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, <code>Rj<\/code> \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc744 \uc4f0\uac70\ub098 R\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad50\uc7ac\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(Direct Likelihood)\uacfc MI\uac00 MAR \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc5d0\uc11c \ub458 \ub2e4 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc, <strong>\uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9(Covariate) \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0 \uacb0\uce21<\/strong>\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 MI\uac00 \ub354 \uc720\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \uace0\uae09 \uc8fc\uc81c: \ube44\ubb34\uc791\uc704 \uacb0\uce21 (MNAR)\uacfc \ubbfc\uac10\ub3c4 \ubd84\uc11d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-35\">\ub9cc\uc57d \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 &#8220;\uadf8\ub0e5 \uae30\ubd84\uc774 \ub098\ube60\uc11c(\uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uce21\uc815 \uc548 \ud55c \ubcc0\uc218)&#8221; \ube60\uc84c\ub2e4\uba74(MNAR) \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud560\uae4c\uc694? \uc774\ub54c\ub294 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\ub3c4 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-36\">5.1 \ud328\ud134 \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ud615 (Pattern-Mixture Models)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc744 <strong>&#8220;\ud0c8\ub77d \uc2dc\uc810&#8221;<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uadf8\ub8f9(\ud328\ud134)\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ub204\uc5b4 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uc608: \ub05d\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub0a8\uc740 \uadf8\ub8f9, 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \ucc28\uc5d0 \ub098\uac04 \uadf8\ub8f9, 3\uac1c\uc6d4 \ucc28\uc5d0 \ub098\uac04 \uadf8\ub8f9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uac01 \uadf8\ub8f9\ubcc4\ub85c \uc131\uc7a5 \uace1\uc120\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub2e4\ub978\uc9c0 \ubd05\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uad50\uc7ac\uc758 Vorozole \uc5f0\uad6c \uc608\uc2dc\ucc98\ub7fc, \ud0c8\ub77d \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9\uc73c\ub85c \ub123\uc5b4 \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-38\">5.2 \uc120\ud0dd \ubaa8\ud615 (Selection Models) <sup><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-39\">\uc131\uc801 \ubaa8\ud615\uacfc \ud0c8\ub77d \ud655\ub960 \ubaa8\ud615(\ub85c\uc9c0\uc2a4\ud2f1 \ud68c\uadc0 \ub4f1)\uc744 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uacb0\ud569\ud574\uc11c \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. Heckman\uc758 Tobit \ubaa8\ub378\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_e218e9b3573edba3-40\">5.3 \ubbfc\uac10\ub3c4 \ubd84\uc11d (Sensitivity Analysis) <sup><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uac00\uc815\ud55c \uacb0\uce21 \uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998(MAR)\uc774 \ud2c0\ub838\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c &#8220;\ub9cc\uc57d \uc774\uac8c MNAR\uc774\ub77c\uba74 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubc14\ub014\uae4c?&#8221;\ub97c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud574\ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>jamovi\ub098 R\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd84\uc11d\ud55c \ub4a4, <strong>&#8220;\uacb0\uce21\ub41c \uac12\ub4e4\uc774 \uad00\uce21\ub41c \uac12\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c k\uc810 \ub354 \ub0ae\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud574\ubcf4\uc790&#8221;<\/strong>\ub77c\uace0 \uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\ub97c \ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4\uac00\uba70 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \ub4a4\uc9d1\ud788\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \uacb0\ub860 \ubc0f \uc81c\uc5b8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uad50\uc7ac\uc640 \ubd84\uc11d \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uaed8 \ub4dc\ub9ac\ub294 \uc81c\uc5b8\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>LOCF\ub098 CC\ub294 \uc774\uc81c \uadf8\ub9cc:<\/strong> \uc774 \ubc29\ubc95\ub4e4\uc740 \ud3b8\ud5a5\uc774 \uc2ec\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uc8fc \ubd84\uc11d\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uc9c0 \ub9c8\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(Direct Likelihood)\uc744 \uae30\ubcf8\uc73c\ub85c:<\/strong> jamovi\uc758 Mixed Models\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc870\uce58 \uc5c6\uc774\ub3c4 MAR \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc5d0\uc11c \ud6cc\ub96d\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc744 <strong>\uc77c\ucc28\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d(Primary Analysis)<\/strong>\uc73c\ub85c \uc0bc\uc73c\uc138\uc694.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubbfc\uac10\ub3c4 \ubd84\uc11d \uc218\ud589:<\/strong> \uacb0\uce21\uc774 MNAR\uc77c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ubc30\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uac00\uc815\ud558\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \uacac\uace0\ud55c\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud604\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc228\uaca8\uc9c4 \uc0ac\uc5f0(\uacb0\uce21)\uc744 \ub2f4\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc791\uc815 \uc9c0\uc6b0\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uadf8 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\uc758 \uc724\ub9ac\uc774\uc790 \ucc45\ubb34\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc (APA Style)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Beunckens, C., Molenberghs, G., &amp; Kenward, M. G. (2005). Tutorial: Direct likelihood analysis versus simple forms of imputation for missing data in randomized clinical trials. <em>Clinical Trials, 2<\/em>(4), 379\u2013386.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Little, R. J. A., &amp; Rubin, D. B. (2002). <em>Statistical analysis with missing data<\/em> (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley &amp; Sons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Molenberghs, G., &amp; Kenward, M. G. (2007). <em>Missing data in clinical studies<\/em>. Chichester: John Wiley &amp; Sons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Molenberghs, G., &amp; Verbeke, G. (2012). Missing Data. In <em>The SAGE Handbook of Multilevel Modeling<\/em> (pp. 403\u2013424). SAGE Publications.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verbeke, G., &amp; Molenberghs, G. (2000). <em>Linear mixed models for longitudinal data<\/em>. New York: Springer-Verlag.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc624\ub298\uc740 \uacb0\uce21\uce58(Missing Data)\uc758 \ucc98\ub9ac\uc640 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc885\ub2e8 \uc5f0\uad6c(\uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud750\ub984\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubcc0\ud654 \uad00\ucc30)\ub97c \ud558\ub2e4 \ubcf4\uba74 \ud544\uc5f0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=897\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[399],"tags":[145,199,319,400],"class_list":["post-897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-multilevel","tag-jamovi","tag-r","tag-319","tag-400"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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