{"id":908,"date":"2026-02-20T15:06:28","date_gmt":"2026-02-20T06:06:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=908"},"modified":"2026-02-20T15:06:30","modified_gmt":"2026-02-20T06:06:30","slug":"chap26-%eb%8b%a4%ec%b8%b5%eb%aa%a8%ed%98%95-%eb%b6%84%ec%84%9d%ec%9d%84-%ec%9c%84%ed%95%9c-%ec%86%8c%ed%94%84%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%a8%ec%96%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=908","title":{"rendered":"Chap26. \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc624\ub298\uc740 <strong>\ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(Multilevel Model) \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uacfc \uc2e4\uc81c \ud65c\uc6a9<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \ub2e4\uce35 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc640 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_20a8237f7e3a163f-28\">\ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud574 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uacc4\uce35\uc801 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uac00\uc9c8 \ub54c \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacfc\uac70\uc5d0\ub294 \ud074\ub7ec\uc2a4\ud130\ub9c1\ub418\uac70\ub098 \uc885\ub2e8\uc801\uc778 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud654\ub41c \ubaa8\ub378 \uac00\uc815\uacfc \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uacc4\uc0b0 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc885\ub2e8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ubc18\ubcf5\uce21\uc815 \ubd84\uc0b0\ubd84\uc11d(rmANOVA) \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uac00 \uc720\uc77c\ud55c \uc120\ud0dd\uc9c0\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ud53c\ud305\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uadf8\ub8f9 \uac04 \ubc0f \uc2dc\uac04 \uacbd\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uade0\ud615 \uc7a1\ud78c \uad00\uce21\uce58 \uc218, \uacb0\uce21\uce58 \uc5c6\uc74c, \uc2dc\uac04 \uc758\uc874\uc801 \uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9 \uc5c6\uc74c \ub4f1 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc138\ud2b8\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_20a8237f7e3a163f-29\">\ucd08\uae30\uc758 \uc774\ub7f0 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \uc804\uccb4 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc131\uc744 \uadf8\ub8f9 \uac04 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uacfc \uadf8\ub8f9 \ub0b4 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\uc808\ud788 \ubd84\ud560\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud574 \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc131\ubd84\uc758 \ud3b8\ud5a5\ub41c \ucd94\uc815\uce58\ub97c \ucd08\ub798\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1c\uc778\uc6a9 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\uc758 \ub4f1\uc7a5\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 1980\ub144\ub300 \uc911\ubc18\ubd80\ud130 \ud63c\ud569 \ud6a8\uacfc \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ud53c\ud305\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc740 LMM(\uc120\ud615), GLMM(\uc77c\ubc18\ud654 \uc120\ud615), NLMM(\ube44\uc120\ud615)\uc758 \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \uadf8\ub8f9\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ub258\uc5b4 \ubc1c\uc804\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_20a8237f7e3a163f-30\">\ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c HLM\uacfc MLWiN(\ucd08\uae30 ML2, ML3 \ub4f1)\uc758 \uae30\uc6d0\uc740 \uc774 \uc2dc\uae30\ub85c \uac70\uc2ac\ub7ec \uc62c\ub77c\uac00\uba70, \uc218\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 \ubd84\uc11d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \uc120\ud638\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac\ub294 SAS, SPSS, Stata, R\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc77c\ubc18 \ud1b5\uacc4 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub4e4 \ubaa8\ub450 \ub2e4\uce35 \ubd84\uc11d \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5 \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (Storytelling)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uc0c1\ud669 (Story):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 30\uac1c\uc758 \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uad50(Level 2)\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud55c \ucd1d 600\uba85\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd(Level 1) \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uad00\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 <strong>\uc218\ud559 \uc810\uc218(Math_Score)<\/strong>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1\uc218\uc900(\ud559\uc0dd) \ubcc0\uc218:<\/strong> \uc790\uae30\uc8fc\ub3c4\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04 (Study_Time)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2\uc218\uc900(\ud559\uad50) \ubcc0\uc218:<\/strong> \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uad50\uc721 \uc608\uc0b0 (School_Funding)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_20a8237f7e3a163f-31\">\ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \ud55c \ud53c\ud5d8\uc790 \ub610\ub294 \ud074\ub7ec\uc2a4\ud130\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub808\ucf54\ub4dc\uac00 \uc788\ub294 &#8220;\uae34(long)&#8221; \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>. \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud574 R\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc778 \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># R\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \ucf54\ub4dc\nset.seed(2026)\n\n# 2\uc218\uc900: \ud559\uad50 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (30\uac1c \ud559\uad50)\nn_schools &lt;- 30\nschool_id &lt;- 1:n_schools\nschool_funding &lt;- rnorm(n_schools, mean = 50, sd = 10) # \ud559\uad50 \uc608\uc0b0 (\ub2e8\uc704: \ubc31\ub9cc\uc6d0)\nu_0j &lt;- rnorm(n_schools, mean = 0, sd = 5) # \ud559\uad50\ubcc4 \uc808\ud3b8\uc758 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \ud6a8\uacfc\n\n# 1\uc218\uc900: \ud559\uc0dd \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (\uac01 \ud559\uad50\ub2f9 20\uba85, \ucd1d 600\uba85)\nn_students_per_school &lt;- 20\ntotal_students &lt;- n_schools * n_students_per_school\n\nstudent_id &lt;- 1:total_students\nschool_group &lt;- rep(school_id, each = n_students_per_school)\nstudy_time &lt;- rnorm(total_students, mean = 2, sd = 1) # \ud559\uc0dd\ubcc4 \ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04 (\uc2dc\uac04\/\uc77c)\n\n# \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218 \uc0dd\uc131 (\uc218\ud559 \uc810\uc218)\n# \uace0\uc815\ud6a8\uacfc: \uae30\ubcf8\uc810\uc218 40 + \uc608\uc0b0\ud6a8\uacfc 0.3 + \ud559\uc2b5\uc2dc\uac04\ud6a8\uacfc 5\n# \ubb34\uc791\uc704\ud6a8\uacfc: \ud559\uad50\ubcc4 \ud3b8\ucc28(u_0j) + \ud559\uc0dd\ubcc4 \uc624\ucc28(e_ij)\ne_ij &lt;- rnorm(total_students, mean = 0, sd = 8)\nmath_score &lt;- 40 + 0.3 * rep(school_funding, each = n_students_per_school) + \n              5 * study_time + rep(u_0j, each = n_students_per_school) + e_ij\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784 \uacb0\ud569 (Long Format)\nschool_data &lt;- data.frame(\n  Student_ID = student_id,\n  School_ID = as.factor(school_group),\n  School_Funding = rep(school_funding, each = n_students_per_school),\n  Study_Time = study_time,\n  Math_Score = math_score\n)\n\nhead(school_data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-9a67cc54-bb2e-4a14-a846-b0aa20ae3f03\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chap26.csv\">chap26<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chap26.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-9a67cc54-bb2e-4a14-a846-b0aa20ae3f03\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. jamovi\uc640 R\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378 \ucd94\uc815 \ubc0f \uad6c\ud604<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_20a8237f7e3a163f-32\">\ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\uae30 \uc55e\uc11c, \ucd5c\uc2e0 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\ub294 \ud76c\uc18c \ud589\ub82c(sparse matrices)\uc744 \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \ub354 \ube60\ub978 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ubc1c\uc804\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\ub860\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc5d0\ub294 R\uc758 <code>lme4<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 <code>lmer<\/code> \ud568\uc218\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <strong>GAMLj<\/strong> \ubaa8\ub4c8(\ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc73c\ub85c <code>lme4<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \uad6c\ub3d9)\uc744 \uc124\uce58\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">[\uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \ubaa8\ud615\uc758 \uc124\uc815]<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_20a8237f7e3a163f-33\">\ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc120\ud615 \ud63c\ud569 \ubaa8\ub378(LMM)\uc758 \uc218\uc2dd\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6c\ubb38\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\ubc18 \ud589\ub82c \uacf5\uc2dd\ud654\ub97c \ub530\ub974\uac70\ub098 \uc218\uc900 \ud45c\uae30\ubc95(level notation)\uc744 \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><math data-latex=\"Level 1 (\ud559\uc0dd):\"><semantics><mrow><mi>L<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>v<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mtext>\ud559<\/mtext><mtext>\uc0dd<\/mtext><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo lspace=\"0.2222em\" rspace=\"0.2222em\">:<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Level 1 (\ud559\uc0dd):<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> <math data-latex=\"Math\\_Score_{ij} = \\beta_{0j} + \\beta_{1j}(Study\\_Time_{ij}) + r_{ij}\"><semantics><mrow><mi>M<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><mi>h<\/mi><mi>_<\/mi><mi>S<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><msub><mi>e<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>S<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><mi>y<\/mi><mi>_<\/mi><mi>T<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><msub><mi>e<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>r<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Math\\_Score_{ij} = \\beta_{0j} + \\beta_{1j}(Study\\_Time_{ij}) + r_{ij}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math data-latex=\"Level 2 (\ud559\uad50):\"><semantics><mrow><mi>L<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>v<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mtext>\ud559<\/mtext><mtext>\uad50<\/mtext><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo lspace=\"0.2222em\" rspace=\"0.2222em\">:<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Level 2 (\ud559\uad50):<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> <math data-latex=\"\\beta_{0j} = \\gamma_{00} + \\gamma_{01}(School\\_Funding_{j}) + u_{0j}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>00<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>01<\/mn><\/msub><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>S<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><mi>h<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>_<\/mi><mi>F<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><msub><mi>g<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{0j} = \\gamma_{00} + \\gamma_{01}(School\\_Funding_{j}) + u_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> <br><math data-latex=\"\\beta_{1j} = \\gamma_{10}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>10<\/mn><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{1j} = \\gamma_{10}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>(\ud559\uc2b5\uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub294 \ud559\uad50\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815, Random Intercept Model)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">[jamovi \uc2e4\ud589 \ubc29\ubc95]<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ubaa8\ub4c8 \uc120\ud0dd:<\/strong> \uc0c1\ub2e8 \uba54\ub274\uc5d0\uc11c <code>Linear Models<\/code> -> <code>Mixed Model<\/code>\uc744 \ud074\ub9ad\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubcc0\uc218 \ud22c\uc785:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dependent Variable: <code>Math_Score<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Factors \/ Covariates: <code>Study_Time<\/code>, <code>School_Funding<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cluster Variables (\uad70\uc9d1 \ubcc0\uc218): <code>School_ID<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Random Effects \uc124\uc815:<\/strong> <code>Intercept<\/code>\ub97c Random Component\ub85c <code>School_ID<\/code> \ud558\uc704\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ucd94\uc815 \ubc29\ubc95(Estimation):<\/strong> \uc81c\ud55c\uc801 \ucd5c\ub300 \uc6b0\ub3c4(REML)\ub294 \uacf5\ubd84\uc0b0 \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ud3b8\ud5a5\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ucd94\uc815\uce58\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\ubcf8\uac12\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uae30\ubcf8\uac12\uc740 REML\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">[\ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\uc758 R \ucf54\ub4dc (<code>lme4<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0)]<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(lme4)\nlibrary(lmerTest) # p-value \uc0b0\ucd9c\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ucd94\uac00\n\n# \ubaa8\ub378 \ud53c\ud305 (REML \uc801\uc6a9)\nmodel_fit &lt;- lmer(Math_Score ~ Study_Time + School_Funding + (1 | School_ID), \n                  data = school_data, \n                  REML = TRUE)\n\nsummary(model_fit)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \uacb0\uacfc \ud574\uc11d \ubc0f \ucd94\ub860 \ub3c4\uad6c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_20a8237f7e3a163f-35\">\ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ud53c\ud305\ud55c \ud6c4, \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc808\ucc28\ub294 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uc815 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c F- \ub610\ub294 t-\uac80\uc815 \ud1b5\uacc4\ub7c9 \ub4f1\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uace0\uc815 \ud6a8\uacfc (Fixed Effects):<\/strong> <code>Study_Time<\/code>\uacfc <code>School_Funding<\/code>\uc758 \uacc4\uc218\uac00 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989, \ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uae38\uc218\ub85d, \ud559\uad50 \uc608\uc0b0\uc774 \ub192\uc744\uc218\ub85d \uc218\ud559 \uc810\uc218\uac00 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \ud3c9\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubb34\uc791\uc704 \ud6a8\uacfc (Random Effects \/ Variance Components):<\/strong> \ud559\uad50 \uac04 \ubd84\uc0b0(<math data-latex=\"u_{0j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">u_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uacfc \ud559\uc0dd \uac04 \ubd84\uc0b0(<math data-latex=\"r_{ij}\"><semantics><msub><mi>r<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">r_{ij}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec <strong>ICC(\uae09\ub0b4\uc0c1\uad00\uacc4\uc218)<\/strong>\ub97c \uc0b0\ucd9c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc131\ubd84\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc601\uac00\uc124 \uac80\uc815\uc740 \ubd84\uc0b0\uc774 0\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud560 \ub54c \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218 \uacf5\uac04\uc758 \uacbd\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub193\uc774\uac8c \ub418\ubbc0\ub85c \uace0\uc804\uc801\uc778 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\ub294 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc77c\ubd80 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad6c\uac04\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\uac70\ub098, \ud63c\ud569\ub41c \uce74\uc774\uc81c\uacf1 \ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc810\uadfc\uc801 \uc6b0\ub3c4\ube44 \uac80\uc815\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_20a8237f7e3a163f-37\">\ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\ub294 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc801 \ubca0\uc774\uc988(EB) \ucd94\uc815\uce58\uc640 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378 \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc794\ucc28\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc (APA Style)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bates, D., Maechler, M., &amp; Bolker, B. (2011). <em>lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes<\/em>. R package version 0.999375-42.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bryk, A., Raudenbush, S., Seltzer, M., &amp; Congdon, R. (1988). <em>An Introduction to HLM: Computer Program and Users Manual<\/em>. Chicago: University of Chicago Dept. of Education.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Laird, N., &amp; Ware, J. (1982). Random-Effects Models for Longitudinal Data. <em>Biometrics<\/em>, 38, 963-974.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R Development Core Team. (2010). <em>R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing<\/em>. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc624\ub298\uc740 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(Multilevel Model) \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uacfc \uc2e4\uc81c \ud65c\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \ub2e4\uce35 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc640 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=908\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[399],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-multilevel"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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