{"id":916,"date":"2026-02-23T21:18:15","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T12:18:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=916"},"modified":"2026-02-23T21:18:17","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T12:18:17","slug":"chap29-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ed%96%89%eb%8f%99%ea%b3%bc%ed%95%99%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c%ec%9d%98-%eb%8b%a4%ec%b8%b5%eb%aa%a8%eb%8d%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=916","title":{"rendered":"Chap29. \uc0ac\ud68c\ud589\ub3d9\uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ub378"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc624\ub298\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud589\ub3d9\uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d(Multilevel Modeling)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(Multilevel Model)\uc774\ub780 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00\uc694?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-83\">\uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84, \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc758 \uc804\ud1b5 \uc778\ud615 &#8216;\ub9c8\ud2b8\ub8cc\uc2dc\uce74&#8217;\ub97c \uc544\uc2dc\ub098\uc694? \ud070 \uc778\ud615 \uc548\uc5d0 \uc791\uc740 \uc778\ud615\uc774, \uadf8 \uc548\uc5d0 \ub354 \uc791\uc740 \uc778\ud615\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc788\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud604\uc0c1, \ud2b9\ud788 \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub3c4 \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 <strong>\ub0b4\ud3ec(Nesting)<\/strong> \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uac00\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \ubcfc\uae4c\uc694?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4(\uc791\uc740 \uc778\ud615)\uc740 \ud559\uae09(\uc911\uac04 \uc778\ud615)\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud574 \uc788\uace0, \ud559\uae09\uc740 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud559\uad50(\ud070 \uc778\ud615)\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud574 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc131\uc801\uc740 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \ub178\ub825(\ud559\uc0dd \uc218\uc900)\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud6cc\ub96d\ud55c \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774\ub098 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc608\uc0b0(\ud559\uad50 \uc218\uc900)\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-86\">\uacfc\uac70\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\ub7f0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \ub54c \uace4\ub780\uc744 \uacaa\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc11c\ub85c &#8216;\ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801&#8217;\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \ubd84\uc11d \uae30\uc220\uacfc \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc758 \ubd80\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub97c \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud588\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc 1980\ub144\ub300\uc640 90\ub144\ub300\uc5d0 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc774 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \ub3c4\uc785\ub418\uba74\uc11c , \uac01 \uc218\uc900(Level)\ubcc4\ub85c \uc808\ud3b8(\uae30\ubcf8 \uc810\uc218)\uacfc \uae30\uc6b8\uae30(\ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\ub825)\uac00 \ub2e4\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc218\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\uac8c \ud480\uc5b4\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \ubd84\uc0b0\uc758 \ubd84\ub9ac\uc640 \uae09\ub0b4\uc0c1\uad00\uacc4\uc218(ICC)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc218\ud559 \uc2dc\ud5d8 \uc810\uc218\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud569\uc2dc\ub2e4. \uc810\uc218\ub4e4\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc774\uc720(\ubd84\uc0b0)\ub294 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc77c\uae4c\uc694?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ud559\uad50\uac00 \ub2ec\ub77c\uc11c (\ud559\uad50 \uac04 \ubd84\uc0b0)<\/strong>: \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud559\uad50\ub294 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uc801\uc774 \ub192\uace0, \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud559\uad50\ub294 \ub0ae\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ub2ec\ub77c\uc11c (\ud559\uad50 \ub0b4 \ubd84\uc0b0)<\/strong>: \uac19\uc740 \ud559\uad50 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uacf5\ubd80\ub97c \uc798\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\uacfc \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ub97c \uc218\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8 <strong>\uae30\ucd08 \ubaa8\ud615(\ubb34\uc870\uac74 \ubaa8\ud615, Null Model)<\/strong>\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1\uc218\uc900 (\ud559\uc0dd \uc218\uc900):<\/strong> <math data-latex=\"V_{ij}=\\beta_{0j}+\\epsilon_{ij}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03f5<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V_{ij}=\\beta_{0j}+\\epsilon_{ij}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>(\ud559\uc0dd <math data-latex=\"i\"><semantics><mi>i<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">i<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \uc810\uc218 <math data-latex=\"V_{ij}\"><semantics><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V_{ij}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \uc18d\ud55c \ud559\uad50 <math data-latex=\"j\"><semantics><mi>j<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">j<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 <math data-latex=\"\\beta_{0j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc5d0 \ud559\uc0dd \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc624\ucc28 <math data-latex=\"\\epsilon_{ij}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03f5<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\epsilon_{ij}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub97c \ub354\ud55c \uac12\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2\uc218\uc900 (\ud559\uad50 \uc218\uc900):<\/strong> <math data-latex=\"\\beta_{0j}=\\gamma_{00}+u_{0j}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>00<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{0j}=\\gamma_{00}+u_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>(\ud559\uad50 <math data-latex=\"j\"><semantics><mi>j<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">j<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 <math data-latex=\"\\beta_{0j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \uc804\uccb4 \ud3c9\uade0 <math data-latex=\"\\gamma_{00}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>00<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\gamma_{00}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc5d0 \uadf8 \ud559\uad50\ub9cc\uc758 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \ud3b8\ucc28 <math data-latex=\"u_{0j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">u_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub97c \ub354\ud55c \uac12\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ub97c \ud558\ub098\ub85c \ud569\uce58\uba74 \uc804\uccb4 \uc810\uc218\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \ud55c\ub208\uc5d0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"Y_{ij}=\\gamma_{00}+u_{0j}+\\epsilon_{ij}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Y<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>00<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03f5<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Y_{ij}=\\gamma_{00}+u_{0j}+\\epsilon_{ij}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-90\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-91\">\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <strong>\uae09\ub0b4\uc0c1\uad00\uacc4\uc218(ICC, Intraclass Correlation)<\/strong>\ub77c\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\uccb4 \uc810\uc218 \ucc28\uc774 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;\ud559\uad50 \uac04\uc758 \ucc28\uc774&#8217;\uac00 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ube44\uc728\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"\\rho=\\frac{\\tau_{00}}{\\tau_{00}+\\sigma^{2}}\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03c1<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><msub><mi>\u03c4<\/mi><mn>00<\/mn><\/msub><mrow><msub><mi>\u03c4<\/mi><mn>00<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msup><mi>\u03c3<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><\/mrow><\/mfrac><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\rho=\\frac{\\tau_{00}}{\\tau_{00}+\\sigma^{2}}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-92\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-93\"><strong>\uad50\uc218\ub2d8\uc758 \ud301!<\/strong> \ud83d\udca1 \ubbf8\uad6d \ub300\uc911\ub4e4\uc740 \ub300\uccb4\ub85c &#8220;\uc88b\uc740 \ud559\uad50&#8221;\uc640 &#8220;\ub098\uc05c \ud559\uad50&#8221;\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc5c4\uccad\ub098\uac8c \ud06c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989, \ud559\uad50 \uac04 \ubd84\uc0b0\uc774 \ud074 \uac83\uc774\ub77c(ICC\uac00 \ub192\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c) \uc608\uc0c1\ud558\uc8e0. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc2e4\uc81c \uacf5\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ubd84\uc11d\ud574\ubcf4\uba74, \ud559\uad50 \uac04\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub294 \uc804\uccb4\uc758 20~30%\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uace0, \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 70~80%\ub294 \uac19\uc740 \ud559\uad50 \ub0b4 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4 \uac04\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4! \ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \uc774\ub7f0 \uc9c1\uad00\uc758 \uc624\ub958\ub97c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub85c \ubc14\ub85c\uc7a1\uc544 \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc758 \uc218\uc2dd \uc774\ud574: \ud559\uad50 \ud658\uacbd\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc5d0\uac8c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60\uae4c?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-94\">\uc774\uc81c \uc870\uae08 \ub354 \ub098\uc544\uac00\uc11c, \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131(\uc608: \uc131\ubcc4, Sex)\uacfc \ud559\uad50\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131(\uc608: \ubb34\uc0c1\uae09\uc2dd \ube44\uc728, FSL &#8211; \uac00\ub09c\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub9ce\uc740\uc9c0\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \uc9c0\ud45c)\uc744 \ubaa8\ud615\uc5d0 \ub123\uc5b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1\uc218\uc900 (\ud559\uc0dd):<\/strong> \ud559\uad50 <math data-latex=\"j\"><semantics><mi>j<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">j<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud55c \ud559\uc0dd $i$\uc758 \uc131\uc801<math data-latex=\"Y_{ij}=\\beta_{0j}+\\beta_{1j}Sex_{ij}+\\epsilon_{ij}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Y<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mi>S<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><msub><mi>x<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03f5<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Y_{ij}=\\beta_{0j}+\\beta_{1j}Sex_{ij}+\\epsilon_{ij}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <math data-latex=\"\\beta_{0j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \ud559\uad50 <math data-latex=\"j\"><semantics><mi>j<\/mi><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">j<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc131\uc801(\uc808\ud3b8)\uc774\uace0, <math data-latex=\"\\beta_{1j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{1j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \uc131\ubcc4\uc774 \uc131\uc801\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\ub825(\uae30\uc6b8\uae30)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\uad50\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uc774 \uac12\uc774 \ub2e4\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2\uc218\uc900 (\ud559\uad50):<\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\beta_{0j}=\\gamma_{00}+\\gamma_{01}FSL_{j}+u_{0j}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>00<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>01<\/mn><\/msub><mi>F<\/mi><mi>S<\/mi><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{0j}=\\gamma_{00}+\\gamma_{01}FSL_{j}+u_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> <br><math data-latex=\"\\beta_{1j}=\\gamma_{10}+\\gamma_{11}FSL_{j}+u_{1j}\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>10<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>11<\/mn><\/msub><mi>F<\/mi><mi>S<\/mi><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{1j}=\\gamma_{10}+\\gamma_{11}FSL_{j}+u_{1j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><br>\ud559\uad50\uc758 \ubb34\uc0c1\uae09\uc2dd \ube44\uc728(<math data-latex=\"FSL\"><semantics><mrow><mi>F<\/mi><mi>S<\/mi><mi>L<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">FSL<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc774 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc131\uc801(<math data-latex=\"\\beta_{0j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc131\ubcc4\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc131\uc801 \ucc28\uc774(<math data-latex=\"\\beta_{1j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{1j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4\ub294 \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uc138\uc6b4 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <math data-latex=\"\\gamma_{11}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b3<\/mi><mn>11<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\gamma_{11}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd \uc218\uc900\uc758 \uc131\ubcc4\uacfc \ud559\uad50 \uc218\uc900\uc758 FSL\uc774 \ub9cc\ub098\ub294 <strong>\uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9(Interaction) \ud6a8\uacfc<\/strong>\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \uc608\uce21\ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\ud654 (Centering)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-97\">\ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc808\ud3b8(<math data-latex=\"\\beta_{0j}\"><semantics><msub><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\beta_{0j}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \ub2e8\uacc4(2\uc218\uc900)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\uc8e0. \ud68c\uadc0\ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc808\ud3b8\uc740 &#8220;\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc608\uce21\ubcc0\uc218\uac00 0\uc77c \ub54c\uc758 \uc608\uce21\uac12&#8221;\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d &#8216;\ud0a4(Height)&#8217;\ub85c &#8216;\ubab8\ubb34\uac8c(Weight)&#8217;\ub97c \uc608\uce21\ud558\ub294\ub370, \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc4f0\uba74 &#8220;\ud0a4\uac00 0cm\uc77c \ub54c\uc758 \ubab8\ubb34\uac8c\ub294 -300\ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc&#8221;\ub77c\ub294 \ud669\ub2f9\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \ub098\uc635\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-98\">\uc774\ub7f0 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 <strong>\ud3c9\uade0 \uc911\uc2ec\ud654(Mean Centering)<\/strong>\ub97c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcc0\uc218\uac12\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3c9\uade0\uc744 \ube7c\uc8fc\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc8e0. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud558\uba74 \ubcc0\uc218\uac12\uc774 0\uc77c \ub54c\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 &#8220;\ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc778 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc84c\uc744 \ub54c&#8221;\ub85c \ubc14\ub00c\uc5b4, \uc808\ud3b8\uc774 &#8220;\ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc778 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc131\uc801&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac16\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \ubc0f R \/ jamovi \uc2e4\uc2b5 \uc2a4\ud1a0\ub9ac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc790, \uc774\uc81c \ubc30\uc6b4 \uac83\uc744 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc2e4\uc2b5\ud574 \ubcfc\uae4c\uc694?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>[\uac00\uc0c1\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c \uc2a4\ud1a0\ub9ac]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uae40 \uad50\uc218\ub294 20\uac1c\uc758 \uc911\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \uac01\uac01 30\uba85\uc529, \ucd1d 600\uba85\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc218\uc9d1\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218:<\/strong> \uc218\ud559 \uc131\ucde8\ub3c4 (Math_Score)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1\uc218\uc900 \ubcc0\uc218 (\ud559\uc0dd):<\/strong> \uc8fc\ub2f9 \uc790\uae30\uc8fc\ub3c4\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04 (Study_Time, \ud3c9\uade0\uc911\uc2ec\ud654 \uc644\ub8cc)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2\uc218\uc900 \ubcc0\uc218 (\ud559\uad50):<\/strong> \ud574\ub2f9 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \ubb34\uc0c1\uae09\uc2dd \ub300\uc0c1\uc790 \ube44\uc728 (FSL_Ratio, \ube44\uc728\uc774 \ub192\uc744\uc218\ub85d \uc800\uc18c\ub4dd\uce35 \ubc00\uc9d1 \uc9c0\uc5ed)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5f0\uad6c \uac00\uc124:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uc790\uae30\uc8fc\ub3c4\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uae38\uc218\ub85d \uc218\ud559 \uc810\uc218\uac00 \ub192\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ubb34\uc0c1\uae09\uc2dd \ube44\uc728(FSL_Ratio)\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ud559\uad50\uc77c\uc218\ub85d \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc218\ud559 \ud3c9\uade0\uc774 \ub0ae\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ubb34\uc0c1\uae09\uc2dd \ube44\uc728\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc790\uae30\uc8fc\ub3c4\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc(\uae30\uc6b8\uae30)\uac00 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4 (\ud559\uad50 \uc778\ud504\ub77c \ubd80\uc871 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc774\uc720\ub85c).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5-1. R\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \ubc0f \ubd84\uc11d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc544\ub798 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uc2dc\uba74, \uc774\ub860\uc5d0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud788 \ubd80\ud569\ud558\ub294 \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ub85c\ub4dc\nif(!require(lme4)) install.packages(\"lme4\")\nif(!require(lmerTest)) install.packages(\"lmerTest\")\nif(!require(ggplot2)) install.packages(\"ggplot2\")\n\nlibrary(lme4)\nlibrary(lmerTest)\nlibrary(ggplot2)\n\n# \uc7ac\ud604\uc131\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc2dc\ub4dc \uc124\uc815\nset.seed(2026)\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uad6c\uc870 \uc124\uc815\nn_schools &lt;- 20    # \ud559\uad50 \uc218\nn_students &lt;- 30   # \ud559\uad50\ub2f9 \ud559\uc0dd \uc218\nN &lt;- n_schools * n_students\n\n# 2\uc218\uc900 \ub370\uc774\ud130 (\ud559\uad50) \uc0dd\uc131\nschool_id &lt;- rep(1:n_schools, each = n_students)\n# FSL \ube44\uc728 (0.1 ~ 0.5 \uc0ac\uc774) \uc911\uc2ec\ud654\nFSL_Ratio &lt;- rep(runif(n_schools, 0.1, 0.5), each = n_students)\nFSL_c &lt;- FSL_Ratio - mean(FSL_Ratio) \n\n# \ud559\uad50 \uc218\uc900 \uc624\ucc28 (Random Effects)\nu0 &lt;- rep(rnorm(n_schools, mean=0, sd=5), each = n_students) # \uc808\ud3b8 \uc624\ucc28\nu1 &lt;- rep(rnorm(n_schools, mean=0, sd=1), each = n_students) # \uae30\uc6b8\uae30 \uc624\ucc28\n\n# 1\uc218\uc900 \ub370\uc774\ud130 (\ud559\uc0dd) \uc0dd\uc131\n# \uc790\uae30\uc8fc\ub3c4\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04 (\uc911\uc2ec\ud654)\nStudy_Time &lt;- rnorm(N, mean=10, sd=3)\nStudy_c &lt;- Study_Time - mean(Study_Time)\n\n# \ud559\uc0dd \uc218\uc900 \uc624\ucc28\ne_ij &lt;- rnorm(N, mean=0, sd=8)\n\n# \uace0\uc815 \ud6a8\uacfc (Fixed Effects) \ubaa8\uc218 \uc124\uc815\ngamma_00 &lt;- 70    # \uc804\uccb4 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc810\uc218\ngamma_01 &lt;- -15   # FSL\uc774 \uc808\ud3b8\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5 (\uc74c\uc218: \uac00\ub09c\ud55c \ud559\uad50\uc77c\uc218\ub85d \uc810\uc218 \ub0ae\uc74c)\ngamma_10 &lt;- 3     # \ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uae30\uc6b8\uae30\ngamma_11 &lt;- -2    # FSL\uc774 \uae30\uc6b8\uae30\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5 (\ubd80\uc801 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9)\n\n# \uc885\uc18d \ubcc0\uc218 (\uc218\ud559 \uc810\uc218) \uacc4\uc0b0\nMath_Score &lt;- (gamma_00 + gamma_01 * FSL_c + u0) + \n              (gamma_10 + gamma_11 * FSL_c + u1) * Study_c + \n              e_ij\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784 \uc0dd\uc131\nmy_data &lt;- data.frame(school_id = as.factor(school_id),\n                      Math_Score = Math_Score,\n                      Study_c = Study_c,\n                      FSL_c = FSL_c)\n\n# CSV\ub85c \uc800\uc7a5 (jamovi \uc2e4\uc2b5\uc6a9)\nwrite.csv(my_data, \"chap29.csv\", row.names = FALSE)\n\n# R \ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d (lme4 \ud65c\uc6a9)\nmodel &lt;- lmer(Math_Score ~ Study_c * FSL_c + (1 + Study_c | school_id), data=my_data)\nsummary(model)\n\n# \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc2dc\uac01\ud654: \ud559\uad50\ubcc4 \uae30\uc6b8\uae30 \ucc28\uc774\nggplot(my_data, aes(x = Study_c, y = Math_Score, color = school_id)) +\n  geom_smooth(method = \"lm\", se = FALSE, size = 0.5) +\n  theme_minimal() +\n  labs(title = \"\ud559\uad50\ubcc4 \uc790\uae30\uc8fc\ub3c4\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04\uacfc \uc218\ud559 \uc810\uc218\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\",\n       x = \"\uc790\uae30\uc8fc\ub3c4\ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04 (\ud3c9\uade0 \uc911\uc2ec\ud654)\", y = \"\uc218\ud559 \uc810\uc218\") +\n  theme(legend.position = \"none\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"945\" height=\"542\" src=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG29-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-917\" srcset=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG29-1.png 945w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG29-1-300x172.png 300w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG29-1-768x440.png 768w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG29-1-624x358.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 945px) 100vw, 945px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-b3be2f2b-755b-4495-8df2-8f163befd1f7\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chap29.csv\">chap29<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chap29.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-b3be2f2b-755b-4495-8df2-8f163befd1f7\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\ub294 \ub300\ub7b5 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>school_id<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Math_Score<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Study_c<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>FSL_c<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>75.2<\/td><td>1.2<\/td><td>-0.15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1<\/td><td>68.5<\/td><td>-0.8<\/td><td>-0.15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8230;<\/td><td>&#8230;<\/td><td>&#8230;<\/td><td>&#8230;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>20<\/td><td>58.1<\/td><td>-2.1<\/td><td>0.22<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5-2. jamovi\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d \ub2e8\uacc4\ubcc4 \uac00\uc774\ub4dc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>R\uc774 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b0\uc2e0 \ubd84\ub4e4\uc740 \ubc29\uae08 \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c CSV \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd88\ub7ec\uc640 \uc190\uc27d\uac8c \ud074\ub9ad\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4! (jamovi\uc758 <strong>GAMLj<\/strong> \ubaa8\ub4c8 \uc124\uce58\uac00 \uc120\ud589\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\ub7ec\uc624\uae30:<\/strong> jamovi\ub97c \uc5f4\uace0 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\ub4e0 <code>school_multilevel_data.csv<\/code>\ub97c \uc5fd\ub2c8\ub2e4. <code>school_id<\/code> \ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud0c0\uc785\uc744 &#8216;Nominal(\uba85\ubaa9\ud615)&#8217;\ub85c \ubc14\uafd4\uc8fc\uc138\uc694.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubd84\uc11d \uba54\ub274 \uc120\ud0dd:<\/strong> \uc0c1\ub2e8 \ud0ed\uc5d0\uc11c <code>Linear Models<\/code> \u2794 <code>Mixed Model<\/code> (GAMLj)\uc744 \ud074\ub9ad\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubcc0\uc218 \ud22c\uc785:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dependent Variable (\uc885\uc18d\ubcc0\uc218):<\/strong> <code>Math_Score<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Covariates (\uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9\/\uc5f0\uc18d\ud615 \uc608\uce21\ubcc0\uc218):<\/strong> <code>Study_c<\/code>, <code>FSL_c<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cluster Variables (\uad70\uc9d1 \ubcc0\uc218):<\/strong> <code>school_id<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uace0\uc815 \ud6a8\uacfc (Fixed Effects) \uc124\uc815:<\/strong> * <code>Study_c<\/code>, <code>FSL_c<\/code>\ub97c \ucc28\ub840\ub85c \ub123\uace0, \ub450 \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uc5ec <code>Study_c * FSL_c<\/code> (\uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\ud56d)\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ud615\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubb34\uc120 \ud6a8\uacfc (Random Effects) \uc124\uc815:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc808\ud3b8(<code>Intercept<\/code>)\uc774 <code>school_id<\/code> \ub0b4\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;\ud559\uad50\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub3c4 \ub2e4\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \uac00\uc124\uc744 \uac80\uc99d\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574, \uc67c\ucabd \ubaa9\ub85d\uc5d0\uc11c <code>Study_c<\/code>\ub97c <code>school_id<\/code> \ud074\ub7ec\uc2a4\ud130 \uc548\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uacb0\uacfc \ud574\uc11d:<\/strong> \uc6b0\uce21 \uacb0\uacfc \ucc3d\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;Fixed Effects Parameters&#8217; \ud45c\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <code>Study_c<\/code>\uc758 $p$-value\uac00 \uc720\uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\uc9c0, <code>Study_c * FSL_c<\/code> \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\ud56d\uc774 \uc720\uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uc5ec &#8220;\ubb34\uc0c1\uae09\uc2dd \ube44\uc728\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ud559\uad50\uc77c\uc218\ub85d \ud559\uc2b5 \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uc815\ub9d0\ub85c \ubc18\uac10\ub418\ub294\uc9c0&#8221; \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ub9c8\ubb34\ub9ac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_dc06e8bee1c4955f-99\">\uc624\ub298\uc740 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub0b4\ud3ec\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\uac8c \ud480\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub294\uc9c0, \uc65c \uc911\uc2ec\ud654\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud55c\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 R\uacfc jamovi\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud574 \ud604\uc7a5 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc694\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uac1c\ubcc4 \ub300\uc0c1\uc758 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \uad00\ucc30(\ubc18\ubcf5\uce21\uc815)\uc774\ub098 \uc18c\uaddc\ubaa8 \uadf8\ub8f9 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ubb34\uae30\uac00 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5b4\ub5a0\uc2e0\uac00\uc694? \uc218\uc2dd \uc18d\uc5d0 \uc228\uaca8\uc9c4 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \uc2a4\ud1a0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc870\uae08\uc740 \uc785\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uac00\uc624\uc168\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \ubd84\uc11d\ub3c4 \uc800\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc990\uac81\uac8c \ud5e4\uccd0\ub098\uac00 \ubcf4\uc2dc\uc8e0! \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uc2dc\uba74 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub4e0 \ub9d0\uc500\ud574 \uc8fc\uc138\uc694.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rindskopf, D. (2014). Multilevel Models in the Social and Behavioral Sciences. In <em>The SAGE Handbook of Multilevel Modeling<\/em> (pp. 521-539). SAGE Publications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc624\ub298\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud589\ub3d9\uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d(Multilevel Modeling)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \ub2e4\uce35\ubaa8\ud615(Multilevel Model)\uc774\ub780 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00\uc694? \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84, \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc758 \uc804\ud1b5 \uc778\ud615 &#8216;\ub9c8\ud2b8\ub8cc\uc2dc\uce74&#8217;\ub97c \uc544\uc2dc\ub098\uc694? \ud070 \uc778\ud615 \uc548\uc5d0 \uc791\uc740 <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=916\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[399],"tags":[526],"class_list":["post-916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-multilevel","tag-526"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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