{"id":920,"date":"2026-02-26T14:28:44","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T05:28:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=920"},"modified":"2026-02-26T14:32:40","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T05:32:40","slug":"chap30-%ec%83%9d%ec%a1%b4%eb%b6%84%ec%84%9dsurvival-analysis%ea%b3%bc-%eb%85%b8%ec%87%a0%eb%aa%a8%ed%98%95frailty-model","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=920","title":{"rendered":"Chap30. \uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d(Survival Analysis)\uacfc \ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615(Frailty Model)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc624\ub298\uc740 <strong>\uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615(Survival Analysis and the Frailty Model)<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615\uc774\ub780 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc77c\uae4c\uc694?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd\ub3c4 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc27d\uac8c \ube44\uc720\ud574 \ubcfc\uae4c\uc694? \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ubc84\uc2a4 \uc815\ub958\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc84\uc2a4\ub97c \uae30\ub2e4\ub9b0\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud574 \ubcf4\uc138\uc694. \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 5\ubd84 \ub9cc\uc5d0 \ubc84\uc2a4\ub97c \ud0c0\uace0, \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 30\ubd84\uc744 \uae30\ub2e4\ub824\ub3c4 \ubc84\uc2a4\uac00 \uc624\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ud3ec\uae30\ud558\uace0 \uac78\uc5b4\uac08 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <strong>&#8216;\ubc84\uc2a4\ub97c \ud0c8 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac78\ub9b0 \uc2dc\uac04&#8217;<\/strong>\uc744 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c <strong>\uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d(Survival Analysis)<\/strong>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uac00. \uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d (Survival Analysis)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\uac74(event)\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac78\ub9b0 \uc2dc\uac04(time to an event)\uc744 \uc870\uc0ac\ud558\ub294 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc758\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud658\uc790\uc758 \uc0ac\ub9dd\uc744 \uc0ac\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ud558\uac70\ub098, \uacf5\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uae30\uacc4 \ubd80\ud488\uc758 \uace0\uc7a5 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc0ac\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ud558\uc5ec \ub110\ub9ac \uc751\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc740 <strong>\uc911\ub3c4\uc808\ub2e8(censoring)<\/strong> \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8f0 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc911\ub3c4\uc808\ub2e8\uc774\ub780 \uc5f0\uad6c \uae30\uac04\uc774 \uc885\ub8cc\ub420 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uad00\uc2ec \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \ub73b\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc758\ud559 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b0\uce21 \uc911\ub3c4\uc808\ub2e8(right-censoring)\uc740 \ud658\uc790\ub97c \ucd94\uc801 \uad00\ucc30\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5f0\uad6c \uae30\uac04 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc0ac\ub9dd \ub4f1 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ub098. \ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615 (Frailty Model)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615(Frailty models)\uc740 \ub2e4\uce35 \uc0dd\uc874 \ubaa8\ud615(multilevel models for survival)\uc758 \uc77c\uc885\uc73c\ub85c, \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc704\ud5d8\uc5d0 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \ud6a8\uacfc(random effects)\ub97c \uc5f0\uacb0\ud55c \ubaa8\ud615\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\uc774 \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub294 \uc758\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\uc6d0\ud588\uc73c\uba70, &#8216;\ub178\uc1e0(frailty)&#8217;\ub780 \uc9c8\ubcd1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ucde8\uc57d\uc131\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ub178\uc1e0 \ud56d\uc740 \uac1c\uc778 \ub2e8\uc704\uc758 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub85c \uc9c0\uc815\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0, <strong>\uad70\uc9d1 \ud2b9\uc131(cluster-specific)<\/strong>\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc815\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad70\uc9d1 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \uc9c0\uc815\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uac19\uc740 \uad70\uc9d1 \ub0b4\uc758 \uac1c\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ucde8\uc57d\uc131\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc0c1\ud0dc \ubaa8\ud615 (Multi-state Model)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ub2e4\uc0c1\ud0dc \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \ub2e8 \ud55c \ubc88 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uace0\uc804\uc801\uc778 \uc0dd\uc874\ubaa8\ud615\uc744 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc0ac\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\ubc18\ud654\ud55c \ubaa8\ud615\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ub2e8 \ud558\ub098\uc758 &#8216;\uc0dd\uc874&#8217; \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;\uc0ac\ub9dd&#8217;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud761\uc218 \uc0c1\ud0dc(absorbing state)\ub85c\uc758 \uc774\ub3d9\ub9cc \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0dd\uc874\ubaa8\ud615\uacfc \ub2ec\ub9ac, \ud655\ub960 \uacfc\uc815 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ud55c\ud55c \uc218\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0c1\ud0dc \uac04 \uc774\ub3d9\uc744 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc608\ub85c \uc0ac\ub9dd\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30 \uc804 \uc911\uac04 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc778 \uc9c8\ubcd1 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\ub294 \uc9c8\ubcd1-\uc0ac\ub9dd \ubaa8\ud615(illness-death model)\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uc9c8\ubcd1-\uc0ac\ub9dd \ubaa8\ud615\uc740 \uac74\uac15\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc, \uc9c8\ubcd1 \uc0c1\ud0dc, \uc0ac\ub9dd \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \uad50\uc721 \ud604\uc7a5 \uc608\uc2dc: \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \ud559\uc5c5\uc911\ub2e8(\uc790\ud1f4) \ubd84\uc11d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_b9ee1f8ffd72e646-39\">\uc758\ud559 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc778 CFAS(Cognitive Function and Ageing Study) \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c <sup><\/sup> \uad50\uc721\ud559 \ubc84\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \uac01\uc0c9\ud558\uc5ec \uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\ub294 \uc2a4\ud1a0\ub9ac\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>[\uc0c1\ud669 \uc124\uc815]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 5\uac1c\uc758 \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50(\uad70\uc9d1, cluster)\uc5d0 \uc785\ud559\ud55c 500\uba85\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c <strong>&#8216;\ud559\uc5c5\uc911\ub2e8(\uc790\ud1f4)&#8217;<\/strong>\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac78\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 3\ub144(36\uac1c\uc6d4) \ub3d9\uc548 \ucd94\uc801 \uc870\uc0ac\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc0ac\uac74(Event):<\/strong> \ud559\uc5c5\uc911\ub2e8 (\uc790\ud1f4)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc2dc\uac04(Time):<\/strong> \uc785\ud559 \ud6c4 \ud559\uc5c5\uc911\ub2e8\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac78\ub9b0 \uac1c\uc6d4 \uc218<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc911\ub3c4\uc808\ub2e8(Censoring):<\/strong> 3\ub144 \ubb34\uc0ac\uace0 \uc878\uc5c5\uc0dd (\uc790\ud1f4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub2e4\uce35 \uad6c\uc870(Multilevel):<\/strong> \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 5\uac1c\uc758 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \uc18c\uc18d\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud559\uad50\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uad50\ud48d\uc774\ub098 \ud559\uc5c5 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc2a4\uac00 \ub2e4\ub974\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ud2b9\uc815 \ud559\uad50 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc740 \uc790\ud1f4\ud560 &#8216;\ucde8\uc57d\uc131(Frailty)&#8217;\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9(Covariates):<\/strong> \uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \ucc38\uc5ec \uc5ec\ubd80(0=\ubbf8\ucc38\uc5ec, 1=\ucc38\uc5ec), \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd(SES).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_b9ee1f8ffd72e646-40\">\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc774 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc21c\uac04\uc758 \uc790\ud1f4 \uc704\ud5d8\uc778 <strong>\uc704\ud5d8 \ud568\uc218(Hazard function)<\/strong>\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud560 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc21c\uac04 \uc704\ud5d8\ub960\uc774 \ub192\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc9e7\uc740 \uc2dc\uac04 \uad6c\uac04 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uac74(\uc790\ud1f4)\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \ud655\ub960\uc774 \ub192\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_b9ee1f8ffd72e646-41\">\ub2e4\uce35 \uc0dd\uc874 \ubaa8\ud615\uc758 \uc218\uc2dd\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ud45c\ud604\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4<sup><\/sup>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><math data-latex=\"h_{ij}(t)=h_{0}(t)\\exp[x_{ij}(t)\\beta+u_{j}]\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>h<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>h<\/mi><mn>0<\/mn><\/msub><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mrow><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><mi>exp<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><\/mrow><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mo><msub><mi>x<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mi>\u03b2<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">h_{ij}(t)=h_{0}(t)\\exp[x_{ij}(t)\\beta+u_{j}]<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_b9ee1f8ffd72e646-42\">\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <math data-latex=\"h_0(t)\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>h<\/mi><mn>0<\/mn><\/msub><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>t<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">h_0(t)<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \uae30\uc800 \uc704\ud5d8(baseline hazard)\uc774\uba70, <math data-latex=\"u_j\"><semantics><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">u_j<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub294 \ud559\uad50(\uad70\uc9d1)\ubcc4 \ucde8\uc57d\uc131\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub85c \uc815\uaddc\ubd84\ud3ec <math data-latex=\"u_j \\sim N(0,\\sigma^2)\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><mo>\u223c<\/mo><mi>N<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mn>0<\/mn><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><msup><mi>\u03c3<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">u_j \\sim N(0,\\sigma^2)<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\ub97c \ub530\ub978\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \ubc0f R\/jamovi \ubd84\uc11d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_b9ee1f8ffd72e646-43\">\ud1b5\uacc4 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \uc704\ud574 R \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uacfc jamovi\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ub2e4\uce35 \uc0dd\uc874\ubaa8\ud615\uc740 R\uc758 <code>coxme<\/code>\ub098 <code>survival<\/code> \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc815\ud655\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uac00. R \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 \ucf54\ub4dc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc544\ub798 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c R\uc774\ub098 jamovi\uc758 <code>Rj Editor<\/code> \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc5d0 \ubd99\uc5ec\ub123\uc5b4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud544\uc218 \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ub85c\ub4dc\nlibrary(survival)\nlibrary(coxme) # \ub2e4\uce35 \uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d(Frailty)\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\nset.seed(2026)\n\n# 1. \ud559\uad50(\uad70\uc9d1) \uc124\uc815: 5\uac1c \ud559\uad50, \ud559\uad50\ubcc4 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \ud6a8\uacfc(Frailty) \nn_schools &lt;- 5\nn_students_per_school &lt;- 100\ntotal_N &lt;- n_schools * n_students_per_school\n\nschool_id &lt;- rep(1:n_schools, each = n_students_per_school)\n# \ud559\uad50\ubcc4 \ucde8\uc57d\uc131(Frailty): \uac12\uc774 \ud074\uc218\ub85d \uc790\ud1f4 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \ub192\uc74c\nschool_frailty &lt;- rnorm(n_schools, mean = 0, sd = 0.5) \n\n# 2. \uacf5\ubcc0\ub7c9 \uc124\uc815\n# \uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ucc38\uc5ec (30% \ud655\ub960\ub85c \ucc38\uc5ec)\nmentoring &lt;- rbinom(total_N, 1, 0.3)\n# \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704 (SES, \ud45c\uc900\uc815\uaddc\ubd84\ud3ec)\nses &lt;- rnorm(total_N, 0, 1)\n\n# 3. \uc0dd\uc874 \uc2dc\uac04 \ubc0f \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc0dd\uc131 (Weibull \uae30\uc800 \uc704\ud5d8 \uac00\uc815)\n# \uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1\uc740 \uc790\ud1f4 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ub0ae\ucd94\uace0(\uc74c\uc758 \uacc4\uc218), SES\uac00 \ub192\uc744\uc218\ub85d \uc790\ud1f4 \uc704\ud5d8 \uac10\uc18c\nlinear_predictor &lt;- -0.8 * mentoring - 0.3 * ses + school_frailty&#91;school_id]\nscale_param &lt;- exp(-(linear_predictor) \/ 1.5) # Weibull scale\ntrue_time &lt;- rweibull(total_N, shape = 1.5, scale = 50 * scale_param)\n\n# 36\uac1c\uc6d4 \uad00\ucc30 \ud55c\uacc4 (\uc878\uc5c5 = \uc6b0\uce21 \uc911\ub3c4\uc808\ub2e8)\ntime &lt;- pmin(true_time, 36)\nevent &lt;- ifelse(true_time &lt;= 36, 1, 0) # 1=\uc790\ud1f4(\uc0ac\uac74 \ubc1c\uc0dd), 0=\uc878\uc5c5(\uc808\ub2e8)\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130\ud504\ub808\uc784 \uc0dd\uc131\nedu_data &lt;- data.frame(\n  StudentID = 1:total_N,\n  SchoolID = as.factor(school_id),\n  Time_Months = time,\n  Dropout = event,\n  Mentoring = mentoring,\n  SES = ses\n)\n\nhead(edu_data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-9e92e296-97f1-440d-8d51-57f95f7a80d3\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chap30.csv\">chap30<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chap30.csv\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-9e92e296-97f1-440d-8d51-57f95f7a80d3\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ub098. jamovi \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\ub7ec\uc624\uae30:<\/strong> \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c <code>edu_data.csv<\/code> \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 jamovi\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5fd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubaa8\ub4c8 \uc124\uce58:<\/strong> jamovi \uc6b0\uce21 \uc0c1\ub2e8\uc758 <code>+ Modules<\/code> \uba54\ub274\uc5d0\uc11c <strong>jsurvival<\/strong> (\ub610\ub294 \uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d \uad00\ub828 \ubaa8\ub4c8)\uacfc <strong>Rj Editor<\/strong>\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubd84\uc11d \uc2e4\ud589:<\/strong> \uae30\ubcf8 Cox \ube44\ub840\uc704\ud5d8\ubaa8\ud615\uc740 <code>jsurvival<\/code> &gt; <code>Cox Regression<\/code>\uc5d0\uc11c <code>Time_Months<\/code>\ub97c Time\uc5d0, <code>Dropout<\/code>\uc744 Event\uc5d0 \ub123\uace0 Covariates\uc5d0 <code>Mentoring<\/code>\uacfc <code>SES<\/code>\ub97c \ub123\uc5b4 \ubd84\uc11d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615(\ub2e4\uce35\ubd84\uc11d) \uc2e4\ud589:<\/strong> \ub2e4\uce35 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ud559\uad50 \ud6a8\uacfc(<math data-latex=\"u_j\"><semantics><msub><mi>u<\/mi><mi>j<\/mi><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">u_j<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>)\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud558\ub824\uba74 <code>Rj Editor<\/code>\ub97c \uc5f4\uace0 \uc544\ub798 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud63c\ud569\ud6a8\uacfc \ucf55\uc2a4 \ud68c\uadc0\ubd84\uc11d (Mixed Effects Cox Model)\nfit_frailty &lt;- coxme(Surv(Time_Months, Dropout) ~ Mentoring + SES + (1 | SchoolID), data = edu_data)\nprint(fit_frailty)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \ubd84\uc11d \uacb0\uacfc \ud574\uc11d (\uac00\uc0c1\uc758 \ud45c)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc704 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ub3cc\ub838\uc744 \ub54c \ub098\uc624\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uad50\uc721\ud559\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud480\uc5b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\ubcc0\uc778<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\ucd94\uc815\uce58 (Estimate)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\ud45c\uc900\uc624\ucc28 (SE)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>p-\uac12<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\ud574\uc11d<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Mentoring<\/strong><\/td><td>-0.26<\/td><td>0.17<\/td><td>.12<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>SES<\/strong><\/td><td>-0.32<\/td><td>0.07<\/td><td>&lt; .001<\/td><td>SES \uc810\uc218\uac00 1\uc810 \ub192\uc744\uc218\ub85d \uc790\ud1f4 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uc720\uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uac8c \uac10\uc18c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>SchoolID (Frailty Variance, <\/strong><math data-latex=\"\\sigma^2\"><semantics><msup><mi>\u03c3<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msup><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\sigma^2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><strong>)<\/strong><\/td><td>0.084<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>\ud559\uad50 \uac04 \uc790\ud1f4 \uc704\ud5d8\uc758 \ucc28\uc774(\ucde8\uc57d\uc131)\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \ud559\uc5c5\uc911\ub2e8(\uc790\ud1f4)\uc744 \ub9c9\ub294 \ub370 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uae0d\uc815\uc801\uc778 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. (\uc774\ub294 \uc6d0\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uad50\uc721 \uae30\uac04\uc774 \uae38\uc218\ub85d \uc0ac\ub9dd \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uac10\uc18c\ud558\uc5ec \uc0dd\uc874\uc5d0 \uae0d\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce5c\ub2e4\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ub9e5\ub77d\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4 ).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ub610\ud55c, \ud2b9\uc815 \ud559\uad50\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud559\uc5c5\uc911\ub2e8\uc728\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \uacbd\ud5a5(\uad70\uc9d1\ubcc4 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \ud6a8\uacfc)\uc744 \ubcf4\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uc65c\uace1\ud574\uc11c \ud574\uc11d\ud560 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc0dd\uc874 \uace1\uc120\uc744 <strong>&#8216;\uacc4\ub2e8\uc2dd \ubbf8\ub044\ub7fc\ud2c0&#8217;<\/strong>\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud574 \ubcf4\uc138\uc694! \ucc98\uc74c \uc785\ud559\ud588\uc744 \ub54c(0\uac1c\uc6d4)\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \ub2e4\ub2c8\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\ub2c8 \uaf2d\ub300\uae30(\uc0dd\uc874\uc728 100%, \ub610\ub294 1.0)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub2e4\uac00 \ud55c \uba85\uc529 \uc790\ud1f4(\uc0ac\uac74 \ubc1c\uc0dd)\ub97c \ud560 \ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ubbf8\ub044\ub7fc\ud2c0\uc774 \uacc4\ub2e8\ucc98\ub7fc \ud55c \uce78\uc529 \uc544\ub798\ub85c \ub69d, \ub69d \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \ubbf8\ub044\ub7fc\ud2c0\uc774 \uc544\uc8fc \ucc9c\ucc9c\ud788 \uc644\ub9cc\ud558\uac8c \ub0b4\ub824\uac04\ub2e4\uba74 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \ud559\uad50\ub97c \uc798 \ub2e4\ub2c8\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\uace0, \uac00\ud30c\ub974\uac8c \ud479\ud479 \uaebc\uc9c4\ub2e4\uba74 \ub9ce\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc77c\ucc0d \ud559\uad50\ub97c \uadf8\ub9cc\ub454\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub294 \uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc774 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 &#8216;\ud559\uad50 \uc0dd\uc874(\uc790\ud1f4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc7ac\ud559\ud568)&#8217;\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc7a5\uae30\uc801 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ud55c\ub208\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 <strong>\uc0dd\uc874 \uace1\uc120(Survival Curve)<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc544\uc8fc \uc27d\uac8c \uc124\uba85\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4(\ud30c\ub780\uc0c9 \ubbf8\ub044\ub7fc\ud2c0)\uacfc \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4(\ube68\uac04\uc0c9 \ubbf8\ub044\ub7fc\ud2c0)\uc758 \uacbd\uc0ac\ub3c4\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud574 \ubcfc \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \ud544\uc218 \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ub85c\ub4dc\nlibrary(survival)\n\n# 1. \uce74\ud50c\ub780-\ub9c8\uc774\uc5b4(Kaplan-Meier) \uc0dd\uc874 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc131\n# \uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ucc38\uc5ec \uc5ec\ubd80(Mentoring)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc0dd\uc874\uc728 \uacc4\uc0b0\nkm_fit &lt;- survfit(Surv(Time_Months, Dropout) ~ Mentoring, data = edu_data)\n\n# 2. \uc0dd\uc874 \uace1\uc120 \uadf8\ub798\ud504 \uadf8\ub9ac\uae30\nplot(km_fit, \n     col = c(\"red\", \"blue\"),        # \uc120 \uc0c9\uc0c1 (\ube68\uac15: \ubbf8\ucc38\uc5ec, \ud30c\ub791: \ucc38\uc5ec)\n     lty = 1:2,                     # \uc120 \uc885\ub958 (\uc2e4\uc120, \uc810\uc120)\n     lwd = 2,                       # \uc120 \uad75\uae30\n     xlab = \"Time in Months (\uc785\ud559 \ud6c4 \uac1c\uc6d4 \uc218)\", \n     ylab = \"Survival Probability (\uc7ac\ud559 \ud655\ub960)\", \n     main = \"\uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \ucc38\uc5ec \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud559\uc5c5\uc911\ub2e8 \uc0dd\uc874 \uace1\uc120\")\n\n# 3. \ubc94\ub840(Legend) \ucd94\uac00\nlegend(\"bottomleft\", \n       legend = c(\"\uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ubbf8\ucc38\uc5ec (0)\", \"\uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ucc38\uc5ec (1)\"), \n       col = c(\"red\", \"blue\"), \n       lty = 1:2, \n       lwd = 2,\n       title = \"\uc9d1\ub2e8 \uad6c\ubd84\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"620\" src=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG30-1-1024x620.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-921\" srcset=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG30-1-1024x620.png 1024w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG30-1-300x182.png 300w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG30-1-768x465.png 768w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG30-1-624x378.png 624w, http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/FIG30-1.png 1263w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_5e429d36e6a60a44-64\">\uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uc5ec \uadf8\ub824\uc9c4 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \uc120\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>X\ucd95 (Time in Months):<\/strong> \uc785\ud559 \ud6c4 \ud750\ub978 \uc2dc\uac04(0\uac1c\uc6d4 ~ 36\uac1c\uc6d4)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Y\ucd95 (Survival Probability):<\/strong> \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub294(\uc790\ud1f4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740) \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1.0\uc740 100%\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud30c\ub780\uc0c9 \uc810\uc120 (\uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ucc38\uc5ec):<\/strong> \uc704\ucabd\uc5d0 \uc704\uce58\ud558\uba70 \uc544\uc8fc \uc644\ub9cc\ud558\uac8c \ub0b4\ub824\uac11\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989, \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\ub3c4 \ub300\ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \uc790\ud1f4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0 \uc798 \ub2e4\ub2c8\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ube68\uac04\uc0c9 \uc2e4\uc120 (\uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1 \ubbf8\ucc38\uc5ec):<\/strong> \uc544\ub798\ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \ub69d\ub69d \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud30c\ub780 \uc120\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc0c1\ub300\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9ce\uc740 \ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ub354 \uc774\ub978 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \ud559\uad50\ub97c \uadf8\ub9cc\ub450\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ud55c\ub208\uc5d0 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"p-rc_5e429d36e6a60a44-65\">\uc774 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\ub294 \ub450 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc758 \uc0dd\uc874 \uace1\uc120\uc774 \uad50\ucc28\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ub69c\ub837\ud55c \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4\uba74 \uba58\ud1a0\ub9c1\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2dc\uac01\uc801 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \uc694\uc57d \ubc0f \uc81c\uc5b8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc624\ub298 \uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 &#8216;\uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ud750\ub984&#8217;\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc911\ub3c4\uc808\ub2e8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uace0, \ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615(Frailty model)\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc9d1\ub2e8 \uac04\uc758 \uc228\uaca8\uc9c4 \ucc28\uc774(\ub2e4\uce35 \uad6c\uc870)\ub97c \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc0c1\ud0dc \ubaa8\ud615\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 &#8220;\uc77c\ubc18 \ud559\uc0dd <math data-latex=\"\\rightarrow\"><semantics><mo stretchy=\"false\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2192<\/mo><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\rightarrow<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \ud559\uc5c5 \uc704\uae30 \ud559\uc0dd <math data-latex=\"\\rightarrow\"><semantics><mo stretchy=\"false\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2192<\/mo><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\rightarrow<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \ud559\uc5c5 \uc911\ub2e8&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 3\ub2e8\uacc4 \uc804\uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc138\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \ubd84\uc11d\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>van den Hout, A., &amp; Tom, B. D. M. (2012). Survival Analysis and the Frailty Model. In <em>The SAGE Handbook of Multilevel Modeling<\/em> (pp. 541\u2013558). SAGE Publications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc624\ub298\uc740 \uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615(Survival Analysis and the Frailty Model)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u201c\ud559\uad50 \ud604\uc7a5\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\u201d\ub97c \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uba85\uacfc \uc218\ub9ac\uc801 \uc5c4\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac16\ucd98 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uc11d \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\ub294 jamovi\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub418, jamovi\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 R \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ubd80\ud130 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \uc0dd\uc874\ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \ub178\uc1e0\ubaa8\ud615\uc774\ub780 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc77c\uae4c\uc694? \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd\ub3c4 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc27d\uac8c \ube44\uc720\ud574 \ubcfc\uae4c\uc694? \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/waurimal.kr\/?p=920\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[399],"tags":[145,199,528,400,527],"class_list":["post-920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-multilevel","tag-jamovi","tag-r","tag-528","tag-400","tag-527"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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